Observational studyAIDS research and therapy2024
Association of ART regimen and adherence to viral suppression: an observational study of a clinical population of people with HIV.
Observational study in AIDS research and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluating HIV drug resistance in the middle East and North Africa and its associated factors: a systematic review.Virology journal · 2025Pooled it
- A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Potential Drug-Drug Interaction Between Islatravir and Lenacapavir.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Challenges with drug management of children and adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy: A narrative review.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2026Review
- Prevalence of HIV and associated sociobehavioral factors among men with urethral discharge syndrome attending public health facilities in Kampala, Uganda.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral therapy switch among Medicare beneficiaries with HIV.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Real-World Persistence After Starting Bictegravir- or Dolutegravir-Based Regimens Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years with HIV in the United States.Drugs & aging · 2026Article
- Perceptions and experiences of men on antiretroviral treatment lost to follow-up in Govan Mbeki, Mpumalanga.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Treatment Persistence and Switch Among Medicare-Insured People with HIV and Gaps in Care.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Virological failure and risk factors among people living with HIV taking second-line ART in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.PloS one · 2026Article
- A Comparison of the Risk of Viral Load Blips in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients on Two-Drug Versus Three-Drug Antiretroviral Regimens.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Application of causal forest double machine learning (DML) approach to assess tuberculosis preventive therapy's impact on ART adherence.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Determinants of Non-Adherence to Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment in a Public Primary Healthcare Clinic in South Africa: Improving the Quality of Long-Term Care.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Attitudes and Barriers Toward Antiretroviral Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Among Infectious Disease Providers.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- [ART adherence and its association with depression, anxiety and stress].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is essential for the effective management of HIV, which includes keeping the HIV viral load undetectable. This study aimed to determine whether certain ART medications are more "forgiving" of poor adherence in achieving viral suppression. We identified subgroups of ART medication usage and determined the extent to which ART adherence is associated with viral suppression across those subgroups. Data came from claims and clinical records (2017-2019) of 3,552 HIV-positive adult members of a Medicaid managed care plan. Pharmacy fill data were examined to characterize ART medications using latent class analysis (LCA), which captures the complexity of real-world ART usage (i.e., multiple medications, ART switching). LCA yielded five ART medication patterns over three years, mostly characterized by recent medications and formulations of ART, though they varied in number of tablets and in medication class. Mixed effects logistic regression models were estimated to determine whether odds of viral suppression differed by ART adherence level. After adjusting for covariates, those with at least 90% adherence (i.e., 90 to < 95%) did not significantly differ from those with 95% adherence or greater in terms of viral suppression, which corroborates existing clinical recommendations. These findings can inform provider-patient communication for people with HIV, especially those who have difficulty maintaining adherence. This includes those experiencing unstable housing, mental health conditions, or substance use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.