ArticleScientific reports2024
Deprivation of loading during rat Achilles tendon healing affects extracellular matrix composition and structure, and reduces cell density and alignment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Mechanical Loading on the Structure and Function of the Achilles Tendon: From Homeostatic Adaptation to Pathological Degeneration.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Review
- Three-Dimensional Characterization of the Collagen-Hydroxyapatite Interaction During Heterotopic Ossification in Healing Rat Achilles Tendons.Small science · 2026Article
- In Situ Characterization Reveals an Impaired Fibril Response to Loading Following Unloading during Early Achilles Tendon Healing.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Tendon mechanobiology in the context of tendon biofabrication.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) promotes Achilles tendon repair: from network pharmacology prediction to in vivo mechanistic validation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Tendon healing involves mechanosensitive cells that adapt to mechanical stimuli through mechanotransduction, resulting in increased tissue strength. However, detailed insights into this process in response to different loads remain limited. We aimed to investigate how different loading regimes impact the spatial composition of elastin and collagens during Achilles tendon healing. Histological analysis was conducted on healing rat Achilles tendons exposed to (1) full loading, (2) reduced loading, or (3) minimal loading. Histological analysis included Hematoxylin & Eosin and immunohistochemical staining targeting elastin, Collagen 1, Collagen 3, and CD31. Our results showed that the impact of mechanical stimuli on healing tendons varied with the degree of loading. Unexpectedly, minimal loading led to higher staining intensity for collagens and elastin. However, tendons exposed to minimal loading appeared thinner and exhibited a less organized matrix structure, with fewer, less aligned, and more rounded cells. Additionally, our findings indicated an inverse correlation between angiogenesis and load level, with more blood vessels in tendons subjected to less loading. Tissue integrity improved by 12 weeks post-injury, but the healing process continued and did not regain the structure seen in intact tendons even after 20 weeks. This study reveals a load-dependent effect on matrix alignment, cell density, and cell alignment.
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