Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39377896›Full record

ArticleEating and weight disorders : EWD2024

Adverse childhood experiences and profiles of healthy orthorexia versus orthorexia nervosa: towards an explanatory model of orthorexia as a multidimensional eating style.

Marcin Rzeszutek, Joanna Kowalkowska, Małgorzata Dragan, Katarzyna Schier, Maja Lis-Turlejska, Paweł Holas, Katarzyna Drabarek, Angelika Van Hoy, Dominika Maison, Gabriela Wdowczyk and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Profiles of HIV/AIDS stigma and psychological well-being in relation to embodiment among people living with HIV.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Marcin RzeszutekFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. marcin.rzeszutek@psych.uw.edu.pl.
Joanna KowalkowskaFaculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Małgorzata DraganFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Katarzyna SchierFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Maja Lis-TurlejskaFaculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
Paweł HolasFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Katarzyna DrabarekFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Angelika Van HoyFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Dominika MaisonFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Gabriela WdowczykFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Elżbieta LitwinFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Julia WawrzyniakFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Wiktoria ZnamirowskaFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Szymon SzumiałFaculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Małgorzata DesmondGreat Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOrthorexia is a complex phenomenon comprising distinct dimensions, including orthorexia nervosa (ON) and healthy orthorexia (HO). However, little is known about the factors influencing these dimensions, their disparities, and the psychological factors underlying orthorexia behaviours.

objectivesThis study aims to explore ON versus HO dimensions and the predictive role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in a nationally representative sample of Polish individuals. In addition, we aim to investigate the mediating roles of alexithymia, embodiment, and experiential avoidance levels in this association.

methodsA representative sample of Polish adults (n = 3557) participated in this study. Dimensions of orthorexia (HO, ON) were assessed using the Teruel Orthorexia Scale, while ACEs were evaluated using the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire. Levels of alexithymia were measured using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, experiential avoidance through the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and embodiment intensity via the Experience of Embodiment Scale.

resultsCluster analysis identified two distinctive orthorexia profiles in the whole sample, i.e., HO (n = 469) and ON (n = 1217), alongside three intermediate HO/ON profiles (n = 1871). The number of ACEs predicted ON tendencies as opposed to HO behaviours in participants. The mediating role of alexithymia, experiential avoidance, and embodiment in the association between ACEs and ON was also observed.

conclusionsOur study suggests that orthorexia is a multidimensional eating style shaped by socio-cultural factors. Adverse childhood experiences may be related to ON behaviours by mediating psychological factors such as experiential avoidance, alexithymia, and embodiment. Effective education and collaborative support are necessary for addressing ON tendencies.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesFeeding and Eating DisordersFeeding BehaviorHealth BehaviorAdolescentAdultAffective SymptomsDiet, HealthyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolandSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAdverse childhood experiencesAlexithymiaEmbodimentExperiential avoidanceOrthorexiaPath analysis

Identifiers

PMID39377896
PMCPMC11461608

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.