Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39376136›Full record

ArticleBJPsych bulletin2025

Quantifying the experiences of Black and Dual Heritage young people in a forensic child and adolescent mental health service.

Michelle A Sandiford, David Moran, Jared G Smith, Heidi Hales

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BJPsych bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Michelle A SandifordNorth West London Forensic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, West London NHS Trust, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9845-2668
David MoranNorth West London Forensic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, West London NHS Trust, London, UK.
Jared G SmithPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6138-136X
Heidi HalesWest London Community Forensic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, West London NHS Trust, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-4364

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundYoung people from racialised backgrounds are overrepresented in justice services. This study explored differences in community support offered to young people from racialised groups referred to a forensic child and adolescent mental health service.

methodWe compared support offered to 427 young people, according to five ethnic groups.

resultsOver 20% of young people referred were Black (compared with 14% of the local population) and 15.8% were Dual White and Black Heritage (compared with 4% of the local population). Odds ratios showed that Black and Dual Heritage groups were more frequently involved with youth offending services (Black: 2.59, Dual Heritage: 2.88), gangs services (Black: 4.31, Dual Heritage: 7.13) and have a national referral mechanism (Black: 3.61, Dual Heritage: 4.01) than their White peers, but were less often in mainstream education compared with their Asian peers (Black: 0.26, Dual Heritage: 0.29). Black (odds ratio 0.35) and Dual Heritage (odds ratio 0.40) young people were less frequently diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disorder than their White peers.

conclusionsThose from Black and Dual Heritage backgrounds were disproportionately disadvantaged.

Indexed as

child and adolescent psychiatryequality and diversityForensic child and adolescent mental health servicesforensic psychologyhealthcare inequalities

Identifiers

PMID39376136
PMCPMC12676232

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.