Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39375701›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Adolescent risk behaviours are associated with educational attainment in early adulthood: results from the Raine Study cohort.

Petra L Graham, Deborah J Schofield, Robert J Tait, Sarita Bista, Rebecca Q Ivers, Bette Liu, Sharyn Lymer, Jennifer L Marino, Lena A Sanci, Rupendra N Shrestha and 3 more

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Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Petra L GrahamSchool of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. petra.graham@mq.edu.au.
Deborah J SchofieldGenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Robert J TaitFaculty of Health Sciences, National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Sarita BistaSpecialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Rebecca Q IversSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Bette LiuSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sharyn LymerBiostatistical consultant, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Jennifer L MarinoSpecialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Lena A SanciDepartment of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Rupendra N ShresthaGenIMPACT: Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Katharine SteinbeckSpecialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Leon M StrakerSchool of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
S Rachel SkinnerSpecialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council 1161445
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigher educational attainment is important for economic wellbeing and associated with better health and longevity. Previous research focused on intelligence, socioeconomic status and mental health or individual risk behaviours as predictors of educational attainment, but the role of multiple domains of adolescent risk behaviours is less clear. This study examined the association between multiple domains of risk behaviour in adolescence and educational attainment by 22 years-of-age.

methodsYoung people (Generation 2, Gen2) and their parents (Generation 1, Gen1) participating in the Raine Study completed questionnaires at years 1, 5, 8, 10 (Gen1 only), 14, 17 (both) and 22 (Gen2 only). The Raine Study is an ongoing longitudinal study initiated in Perth, Western Australia, between 1989 and 1991. The 1,102 Gen2 participants who responded to questions about highest educational attainment were included in this study. The association between Gen2 self-reported risk behaviours (including age at commencement of drinking alcohol, smoking, sexual intercourse and drug use) and educational attainment (defined as self-reported years of completed high school: ≤10, 11, 12 or tertiary education (> 12)) at year 22, after adjusting for mother's age and combined parental education level, participant sex, and family income, educational performance and adolescent mental health, was explored using ordinal regression models and presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultsOrdinal models suggested that never smoking or starting older than 18 compared with smoking before age 15 (OR 2.02, 95%CI: 1.28-2.14); first drinking alcohol between 15 and 17 years compared with younger than 15 (OR 1.52, 95%CI: 1.08-2.14); and, first sexual intercourse aged ≥ 18 years compared with under 15 (OR 1.67, 95%CI: 1.08-2.57) were associated with higher levels of educational attainment at 22-year follow-up. Additionally, lower ("better") behavioural scores increased the odds of higher levels of attainment.

conclusionsAbsence of health risk behaviours at a younger age or later commencement was associated with higher educational attainment. Evidence-based interventions that address the societal influences underpinning risk behaviours in adolescents may support longer school retention.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorEducational StatusRisk-TakingAdolescentFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesWestern AustraliaYoung AdultEducational attainmentRisk behaviourSchoolingSexual healthSubstance use

Identifiers

PMID39375701
PMCPMC11459980

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.