Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39375659›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on mother and child health - the case of Ghana.

Eric Koka, Emmanuel Narh, Adwoa Asante-Poku, Daniel Kwame Ampofo Adjei, Diana Sebbie, Ishaque Mintah Siam, Prince Asare, David McCoy, Audrey Gadzekpo, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Eric KokaDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. ekoka@ucc.edu.gh.
Emmanuel NarhCentre for Sociological Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Adwoa Asante-PokuCollege of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Daniel Kwame Ampofo AdjeiSchool of Communication Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Diana SebbieSchool of Communication Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Ishaque Mintah SiamCollege of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Prince AsareCollege of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
David McCoyInternational Institute for Global Health, The United Nations University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Audrey GadzekpoSchool of Communication Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Dorothy Yeboah-ManuCollege of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Funding

This work was supported by the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Global Challenges. Research Fund. FWA 00001824
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe lockdown measures in response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have led to a wide range of unintended consequences for women and children. Until the outbreak of COVID-19, attention was on reducing maternal and infant mortality due to pregnancy and delivery complications. The aim of this study was to interrogate the impact of lockdown measures on women and children in two contrasting districts in Ghana - Krobo Odumase and Ayawaso West Wuogon.

methodsThis study adopted the mixed-method approach using both qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative study relied on two data collection methods to explore the impacts of COVID-19 control measures on women and children in Ghana. These were: Focus Group Discussions (FGDs; n = 12) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs; n = 18). The study complemented the qualitative data with survey data - household surveys (n = 78) which were used to support the nutrition and school closure data; and policy data gathered from government websites consisting of government responses to COVID-19. The qualitative data was analysed using the thematic approach with codes generated apriori with the NVIVO software. The quantitative data used percentages and frequencies.

resultsEngagements with participants in the study revealed that the lockdown measures implemented in Ghana had consequences on child and maternal health, and the health care system as a whole. Our study revealed, for example, that there was a decrease in antenatal and postnatal attendance in hospitals. Childhood vaccinations also came to a halt. Obesity and malnutrition were found to be common among children depending on the location of our study participants (urban and rural areas respectively). Our study also revealed that TB, Malaria and HIV treatment seeking reduced due to the fear of going to health facilities since those ailments manifest similar symptoms as COVID 19.

conclusionGovernment responded to COVID-19 using different strategies however the policy response resulted in both intended and unintended consequences especially for women and children in Ghana. It is recommended that national policy directions should ensure the continuous provision of child and maternal healthcare services which are essential health services during lockdowns.

Indexed as

Child HealthCOVID-19AdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolCommunicable Disease ControlFemaleFocus GroupsGhanaHumansInfantMaleMaternal HealthMiddle AgedPregnancyChild healthCOVID-19GhanaLockdownMaternal healthPolicy response

Identifiers

PMID39375659
PMCPMC11459712

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.