SynthesisNature human behaviour2024
A systematic review and network meta-analysis of population-level interventions to tackle smoking behaviour.
Synthesis in Nature human behaviour, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Tobacco and cannabis use in the young 'Not in Employment, Education or Training' population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Secondhand smoke exposure and human health: an umbrella review.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Global Prevalence of Combustible Cigarettes and Noncombustible Nicotine or Tobacco Products Use Among Adolescents, 2014-2021.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Pooled it
- Within-Day Dynamics of Self-Efficacy and Smoking Attitudes: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of Motivation to Quit and Forgoing Behavior.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Global trends and inequalities in environmental risk-attributable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality among adults aged 80+ years, 1990-2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Assessing the causal effect of tobacco retail density on cardiovascular and pulmonary disease hospitalizations in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Identifying Key Predictors of Smoking Cessation Success: Text-Based Feature Selection Using a Large Language Model.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Continuity of care should be Dr Ian McWhinney's lasting legacy: Part 4 of the 10-part series, "Foundations for tomorrow".Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2026Article
- Symptom Severity Profiles and their Associated Factors in Minoritized Men with Chronic Conditions.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Behavioral responses to smoking bans in local public places in China: A secondary dataset analysis of China Family Panel Studies, 2010-2020.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Global Burden of Ischemic Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke, 1990-2023: Spatial Heterogeneity, SDI Inequalities, Pandemic-Era Inflections, and Scenario Forecasts to 2035 Using GBD 2023.Cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of smoking-attributable digestive cancers in adults aged ≥60 years, 1990-2021, with projections to 2036: A secondary dataset analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Rising Global Burden of Alcohol-Attributable Breast Cancer in Women: Regional Inequalities and Temporal Trends.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Burden in BRICS Countries Attributable to Smoking, High Alcohol Use, High Body Mass Index, and Low Physical Activity, 1990-2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 and Mendelian Randomization.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- The disease burden attributable to tobacco use in China and its provinces from 1990-2023: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Military Medical Research · 2026Article
- Public health interventions aimed at children aged 5-19 years funded by local authorities in England: a scoping review of economic analyses.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Progress towards universal health coverage in South Asia, 2000-2030: an examination of the twin elements of primary healthcare provision and financial protection.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Country-level prevalence of and factors associated with smoking cessation among adolescents across 91 countries.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Article
- The impact of ageing, socio-economic differences and the evolution of morbidity on future health expenditure - a dynamic microsimulation.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Does the Path From Cigarette Smoking to Suicide Death Go Through the Hospital? A Causal Mediation Analysis in a National Canadian Sample.Tobacco use insights · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD 42022311392) aimed to synthesize the effectiveness of all available population-level tobacco policies on smoking behaviour. Our search across 5 databases and leading organizational websites resulted in 9,925 records, with 476 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. In our narrative summary and both pairwise and network meta-analyses, we identified anti-smoking campaigns, health warnings and tax increases as the most effective tobacco policies for promoting smoking cessation. Flavour bans and free/discounted nicotine replacement therapy also showed statistically significant positive effects on quit rates. The network meta-analysis results further indicated that smoking bans, anti-tobacco campaigns and tax increases effectively reduced smoking prevalence. In addition, flavour bans significantly reduced e-cigarette consumption. Both the narrative summary and the meta-analyses revealed that smoking bans, tax increases and anti-tobacco campaigns were associated with reductions in tobacco consumption and sales. On the basis of the available evidence, anti-tobacco campaigns, smoking bans, health warnings and tax increases are probably the most effective policies for curbing smoking behaviour.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.