ArticleMolecular ecology2024
Discovery of Knock-Down Resistance in the Major African Malaria Vector Anopheles funestus.
Article in Molecular ecology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Modelling the impact of adopting new-generation insecticide-treated nets on malaria transmission and insecticide resistance.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Signature of resistance gene evolution and pyrethroid resistance escalation in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus across Kenyan malaria-endemic regions separated by the Rift Valley.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Genomic insights into the spread and evolution of insecticide resistance variants in Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Burkina Faso.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The genomics of insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus: insights from a large bed-net trial.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Four-year monitoring of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus in central-west Cameroon reveals an escalation of pyrethroid resistance combined with high malaria transmission.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Microsatellite analysis of genetic differentiation among populations of the malaria vector Anopheles funestus across mainland Tanzania reveals contrasted patterns of geographic isolation and gene flow.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- PoolSeq Genome-Wide Association Studies and Microbial Signature Analyses Identify Novel Candidates Associated With Pyrethroid Resistance Evolution in Anopheles funestus in Cameroon.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Malaria entomological surveillance in Kinshasa Province: A longitudinal study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- A genomic toolkit for surveillance and elimination of the principal malaria vectors in Southeast Asia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genomic insights into the spread and evolution of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Burkina Faso.Research square · 2025Article
- Genetic isolation drives divergent insecticide resistance between coastal and western Kenya Anopheles funestus populations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genomic Drivers of Pyrethroid Resistance Escalation in the Malaria Vector Anopheles funestus Across Africa.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Impact of Omics Studies on Understanding Insecticide Resistance Mechanisms in Sub-Saharan Malaria Vectors: A Systematic Review.Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2025Review
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- An atlas of positive selection in the genomes of major malaria vectors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Delayed mating in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus compared to Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae).Journal of medical entomology · 2025Article
- Signatures of selection and mechanisms of insecticide resistance in UgandanbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genomic Analysis Reveals a New Cryptic Taxon Within the Anopheles gambiae Complex With a Distinct Insecticide Resistance Profile in the Coast of East Africa.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- The origin, invasion history and resistance architecture ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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Abstract
A major insecticide resistance mechanism in insect pests is knock-down resistance (kdr) caused by mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (Vgsc) gene. Despite being common in most malaria Anopheles vector species, kdr mutations have never been observed in Anopheles funestus, the principal malaria vector in Eastern and Southern Africa, with resistance mainly being conferred by detoxification enzymes. In a parallel study, we monitored 10 populations of An. funestus in Tanzania for insecticide resistance unexpectedly identified resistance to a banned insecticide, DDT, in the Morogoro region. Through whole-genome sequencing of 333 An. funestus samples from these populations, we found eight novel amino acid substitutions in the Vgsc gene, including the kdr variant, L976F (equivalent to L995F in An. gambiae), in tight linkage disequilibrium with another (P1842S). The mutants were found only at high frequency in one region and were accompanied by weak signatures of a selective sweep, with a significant decline between 2017 and 2023. Notably, kdr L976F was strongly associated with survivorship to exposure to DDT insecticide, while no clear association was noted with a pyrethroid insecticide (deltamethrin). The WHO prequalifies no DDT products for vector control, and the chemical is banned in Tanzania. Widespread DDT contamination and a legacy of extensive countrywide stockpiles may have selected for this mutation. Continued monitoring is necessary to understand the origin of kdr in An. funestus, and the threat posed to insecticide-based vector control in Africa.
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