ReviewCancer pathogenesis and therapy2024
Role of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 in immunosuppression of breast cancer.
Review in Cancer pathogenesis and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting the tumor microenvironment: a new strategy for natural products in breast cancer therapy.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Review
- Metabolic enzymes and immune receptors as emerging checkpoints in breast cancer: mechanisms, clinical trials, and therapeutic implications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- CAR-T cell therapy in cancer immunotherapy - Biology, clinical successes, and emerging challenges: A review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Review
- Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: integrating molecular insights for targeted interventions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting inflammatory microenvironments: overcoming therapy resistance and immunosuppression.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Targeting thymidylate synthase enhances CD8 + T-cell infiltration and inhibits tumor growth in cervical cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cells in breast cancer drivers of immune suppression and targets for immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cell competition within breast tumor microenvironment: emerging role of cancer stem cells and immune cells in tumor progression and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- A perfect storm: the immunological and pathophysiological landscape of pediatric post-COVID-19 condition.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in the breast cancer tumor microenvironment: new mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies and future perspectives.American journal of cancer research · 2026Review
- The Underlying Mechanisms and Emerging Strategies to Overcome Resistance in Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Probiotic intervention alters immune gene expression and tumor characteristics in experimental breast cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Amino acid metabolism in breast cancer: pathogenic drivers and therapeutic opportunities.Protein & cell · 2025Review
- Review
- The complex role of regulatory cells in breast cancer: implication for immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Review
- Bone marrow immune cells and drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in cancer immunotherapy: from small-molecule inhibition to PROTAC-mediated degradation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Review
- Salivary Tryptophan as a Metabolic Marker of HER2-Negative Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.Metabolites · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) contributes greatly to global cancer incidence and is the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. It is a complex disease characterized by numerous subtypes with distinct clinical manifestations. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are not effective in all patients and have been associated with tumor resistance and immunosuppression. Because amino acid (AA)-catabolizing enzymes have been shown to regulate immunosuppressive effects, this review investigated the immunosuppressive roles of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a tryptophan (Trp)-catabolizing enzyme, which is overexpressed in various metastatic tumors. It promotes immunomodulatory effects by depleting Trp in the regional microenvironment. This leads to a reduction in the number of immunogenic immune cells, such as effector T and natural killer (NK) cells, and an increase in tolerogenic immune cells, such as regulatory T (Treg) cells. The BC tumor microenvironment (TME) establishes a supportive niche where cancer cells can interact with immune cells and neighboring endothelial cells and is thus a feasible target for cancer therapy. In many immunological contexts, IDO1 regulates immune control by causing regional metabolic changes in the TME and tissue environment, which may further affect the maturation of systemic immunological tolerance. In the development of effective treatment targets and approaches, it is essential to understand the immunomodulatory effects exerted by AA-catabolizing enzymes, such as IDO1, on the components of the TME.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.