Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39368014›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2025

Estimating the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the older population using health screening data in Japan.

Arisa Kobayashi, Keita Hirano, Tadahisa Okuda, Tatsuyoshi Ikenoue, Takashi Yokoo, Shingo Fukuma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Arisa KobayashiHuman Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto-Shi, Kyoto, 606-8057, Japan.
Keita HiranoHuman Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto-Shi, Kyoto, 606-8057, Japan.
Tadahisa OkudaHuman Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto-Shi, Kyoto, 606-8057, Japan.
Tatsuyoshi IkenoueHuman Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto-Shi, Kyoto, 606-8057, Japan.
Takashi YokooDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Shingo FukumaHuman Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto-Shi, Kyoto, 606-8057, Japan. fukuma.shingo.3m@kyoto-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8379-8761

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn aging societies, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is expected to increase but may be underestimated because many asymptomatic patients remain undiagnosed. This study aimed to estimate the CKD prevalence among the general older population in Japan.

methodsThis cross-sectional study used health screening data from the Japan Health Insurance Association collected between April 2014 and March 2023. Data from older people aged 65-90 years who underwent renal function screening for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine protein tests were analyzed. CKD was defined as eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m

resultsAmong 2.98 million older individuals, 588,809 (19.7%) had undergone screening (median [IQR] age, 69.9 [67.9-76.2] years, 337,862 women [57.4%]). Regarding the weighted CKD prevalence, 25.3% of the individuals aged 65-90 years had CKD; 11.8% of those aged 65-75 years and 34.6% of those aged 75 years and over showed an increase in prevalence with age. Among the patients with CKD, over half exhibited mild renal dysfunction without proteinuria. Hypertension and diabetes were common comorbidities in older patients with CKD.

conclusionsThis cross-sectional study revealed that the weighted prevalence of CKD in the older population aged 65-90 years was high (one in four individuals), indicating that it increases with age. Further studies are required to examine the clinical significance of these findings.

Indexed as

Renal Insufficiency, ChronicAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansJapanMaleMass ScreeningPrevalenceProteinuriaChronic kidney diseaseInverse probability weightingOlder populationPrevalenceSelection bias

Identifiers

PMID39368014
PMCPMC11893708

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.