ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2024
Tracking changes in functionality and morphology of repopulated microglia in young and old mice.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The neuroimmune-glutamate hypothesis of addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Microglia and neuroinflammation: An in-depth analysis from functional diversity to disease mechanisms.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Spatial mapping and senolytic targeting of senescent and disease-associated microglia in aged mouse brain white matter.Nature aging · 2026Article
- Defining functional states and roles of microglia in neuropsychiatric disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Microglial Replacement Reverses Age-Associated Epigenetic Modifications Despite Accelerating Epigenetic Age.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Targeting CX3CR1 Signaling Dynamics: A Critical Determinant in the Temporal Regulation of Post-Stroke Neurorepair.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals the specific molecular signatures of myeloid cells responding to brain injury after microglial replacement.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMicroglia (MG) are myeloid cells of the central nervous system that support homeostasis and instigate neuroinflammation in pathologies. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed the functional heterogeneity of MG in mouse brains. Microglia are self-renewing cells and inhibition of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling depletes microglia which rapidly repopulate. The functions of repopulated microglia are poorly known.
methodsWe combined scRNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, immunofluorescence, and confocal imaging to study the functionalities and morphology of repopulated microglia.
resultsA CSRF1R inhibitor (BLZ-945) depleted microglia within 21 days and a number of microglia was fully restored within 7 days, as confirmed by TMEM119 staining and flow cytometry. ScRNA-seq and computational analyses demonstrate that repopulated microglia originated from preexisting progenitors and reconstituted functional clusters but upregulated inflammatory genes. Percentages of proliferating, immature microglia displaying inflammatory gene expression increased in aging mice. Morphometric analysis of MG cell body and branching revealed a distinct morphology of repopulated MG, particularly in brains of old mice. We demonstrate that with aging some repopulated MG fail to reach the homeostatic phenotype. These differences may contribute to the deterioration of MG protective functions with age.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.