ArticlePloS one2024
Panel of serum biomarkers for differential diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial lung disease and interstitial lung disease-secondary to systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Combined use of serum KL-6 and respiratory functional parameters for identifying fibrotic lung damage in SARS-CoV-2-induced interstitial pneumonia.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2026Article
- Early detection and risk stratification in autoimmune-related interstitial lung disease: a state-of-the-art review.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Serum ferritin as a specific biomarker of anti-MDA5-interstitial lung disease: a multicenter, case-control study in observational and validation datasets.Rheumatology international · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInterstitial lung disease (ILD) may complicate the course of systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARD) and diagnostic biomarkers are needed. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), ferritin (FER) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) have been involved in the ILD development. Our study aimed to compare KL-6, FER, IL-6 and soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) concentrations in a cohort of idiopathic and SARD-ILD.
methods3169 patients were enrolled in the "UK Biomarkers in Interstitial Lung Disease (UK-BILD) Study". We selected patients affected by SARD-ILD and idiopathic ILD (usual interstitial pneumonia-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and fibrotic non-specific interstitial pneumonia). Serum marker concentrations were measured through chemiluminescent assays (Fujirebio Europe, Ghent, Belgium).
results1013 patients were selected for the study: 520 (51.3%) had idiopathic ILD and 493 (48.7%) SARD-ILD. Idiopathic ILD patients displayed higher KL-6 values than SARD-ILD (p = 0.0002). FER and SMRP, though within normal ranges, were significantly higher in idiopathic ILD (p<0.0001). Logistic regression showed good sensitivity (69.4%) and specificity (80.4%) selecting the variables FER and KL-6 concentrations, age and gender-male correlated with a diagnosis of idiopathic ILD.
conclusionOur study showed the excellent diagnostic value of KL-6 for detecting ILD, which irrespective of the final diagnosis and extent of disease, is always elevated and is a reliable biomarker of lung fibrosis in various diseases, ranging from idiopathic to autoimmune forms. Our study proposed an ILD differentiation model including clinical background. In this context, combination of serum markers and clinical data, as seen in our cohort, may lead to a further improvement in diagnostic accuracy for ILD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.