Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39358784›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Drivers and barriers of seasonal influenza vaccination 2015/16 & 2019/20 to 2022/23 - a survey on why most Norwegians don't get the flu vaccine.

Birgitte Klüwer, Kjersti Margrethe Rydland, Svenn-Erik Mamelund, Rebecca Nybru Gleditsch

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Missed opportunities for maternal immunisation against influenza and COVID-19, Norway, October 2023 to May 2024: a population-based registry study.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Birgitte KlüwerDivision of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Skøyen, PO Box 222, Oslo, N-0213, Norway. birgitte.kluwer@fhi.no.
Kjersti Margrethe RydlandDivision of Infection Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Skøyen, PO Box 222, Oslo, N-0213, Norway.
Svenn-Erik MamelundCentre for Research on Pandemics & Society (PANSOC), Oslo Metropolitan University, Senter for velferds- og arbeidslivsforskning, OsloMet - storbyuniversitetet, Postboks 4, St. Olavs plass, Oslo, 0130, Norway.
Rebecca Nybru GleditschThe Fafo Institute for Labour and Social Research, Tøyen, PO Box 2947, Oslo, N-0608, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to explore the reasons adults in the general population, influenza risk groups (RGs) and health care workers (HCWs) in Norway give for their vaccination choices and whether these reasons vary between groups or over time in order to further improve influenza vaccination coverage.

methodsRespondents of a nationally representative telephone survey conducted by Statistics Norway were asked "What was the most important reason why you did/did not get vaccinated?". The question on influenza non-vaccination was included in 2016 and in 2020 to 2023 and the question on influenza vaccination in 2021 to 2023.

resultsThe study included 9 705 individuals aged 18-79 years. Influenza vaccination coverage in the RGs increased from 20.6% in 2016 to 63.1% in 2022, before a reduction to 58.3% in 2023. Common reasons for non-vaccination were similar in all groups. The most cited reasons were "no need" for the vaccine and "no specific reason", followed by "not recommended/offered the vaccine", "worry about side effects" and "vaccine refusal". The most frequent reasons for vaccination among the general population and RGs were protection against influenza and belonging to a RG, while the most frequent responses among HCWs were being offered the vaccine at work/work in health care, followed by a desire for protection against influenza. Receiving a vaccine recommendation from a health professional was mentioned in all groups. We also observed that the proportion reporting "no need" for the vaccine decreased over time, especially among HCWs, and that the proportions reporting vaccine refusal and worry about side effects as reasons for non-vaccination were temporarily reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

conclusionsThe general population and RGs cite protection against influenza as their primary incentive for vaccination, while HCWs mainly refer to their professional role or workplace vaccination. For non-vaccination we see a similar pattern in all groups, with "no need" and "no specific reason" as the main reasons. Of note, worry about side effects and vaccine refusal is as frequent among HCWs as in other groups. Continued efforts to maintain and increase vaccine confidence are needed.

Indexed as

Influenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHealth PersonnelHumansMaleMiddle AgedNorwaySeasonsSurveys and QuestionnairesVaccinationVaccination HesitancyYoung AdultInfluenza VaccinesBarriersFacilitatorsHealth Knowledge, attitudes, PracticeHealth personnelImmunization programmesInfluenza vaccinesPublic HealthSurveys and questionnairesVaccination coverageVaccination hesitancy

Identifiers

PMID39358784
PMCPMC11445999

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.