ArticleBMC health services research2024
Development and feasibility of the peer and nurse-led HIV Self-Testing Education and Promotion (STEP) intervention among social networks of men in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: application of the ADAPT-ITT model.
Article in BMC health services research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Secondary Distribution of Dual HIV/Syphilis Self-Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial in China.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Trial
- Feasibility of tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury screening under programme settings in Southern India.Public health action · 2026Article
- From Tanzania to Washington, DC: Application of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and ADAPT-ITT Model to Guide the Development of a Community-Based PrEP Intervention for Black Adults.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Empowerment management program for older adults with HIV/AIDS based on the ADAPT-ITT model: a Chinese Delphi study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
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- Unlocking self-testing: predictors of HIV self-testing kit use among reproductive-aged women in tanzania; a multilevel analysis of the 2022 demographic and health survey.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundAccording to the 2016-2017 Tanzania HIV Impact Survey, only 45% of men living with HIV (MLWH) were aware of their HIV status. In an effort to increase HIV testing in Tanzania, including among men, the Government of Tanzania passed a law in December 2019 allowing HIV self-testing (HIVST) to be included in the national testing strategies. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and pilot feasibility assessment of the Self-Testing Education and Promotion (STEP) intervention, which includes male peer education and demand creation for HIVST, and nurse-led distribution of HIVST kits in a community setting.
methodsThe development and piloting processes were guided by the ADAPT-ITT model and informed by a national PEPFAR/USAID-funded HIV implementation science project called Sauti. The adapted STEP intervention included the following two components: 1) peer-based HIVST promotion; and 2) nurse-led HIVST distribution. For the feasibility assessment, 25 men were selected and trained as peer educators in 2019 to promote HIVST among their peers before recruiting 253 men who received instructions and an HIVST kit from a nurse at a community-based study tent site.
resultsOf the 236 participants who completed the 1-month follow-up survey, 98.3% reported using the kit. The majority (92.4%) of participants reported a negative HIVST result while 4.2% (n = 10) received a positive result. Most (70%, n = 7) of the participants with a positive result sought follow-up services at a healthcare facility while 40.3% (n = 95) of the participants with a negative self-test result visited the community-based project site. Most of the men (53%, n = 129) did not visit a healthcare facility or the study site.
conclusionThe findings demonstrate that the combined peer-based promotion and nurse-led distribution of HIVST intervention was acceptable and feasible, though seeking follow-up services at healthcare facilities remained low. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of offering nurse-led community-based clinical follow-up services in addition to HIVST rather than referral to facilities.
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