ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2025
Evaluation of a new classification system for measuring the progression of ocular cystinosis: an analysis of 64 patients.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- CystadropsOphthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Introducing the University of California, Irvine Corneal Cystine Crystal Score: A Novel Tool for Assessing Corneal Crystal Deposition in Cystinosis Patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- From Molecular Understanding and Pathophysiology to Disease Management; A Practical Approach and Guidance to the Management of the Ocular Manifestations of Cystinosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo analyse the correlation between the physician categories defined by the 3C classification (crystal-complication-compliance) and the ocular manifestations of nephropathic cystinosis.
methodsThe last visit data of 64 patients aged between 2 and 64 attending the centre for management of cystinosis were reviewed. Each patient had been placed into one of four categories by the clinician based on disease severity. The correlation between these categories and markers of the disease was assessed using Pearson's correlation.
resultsPhotophobia (0.647, p<0.001), visual acuity (-0.695, p<0.001), Gahl's score (0.603, p<0.001), optical coherence tomography (OCT)% (0.713, p<0.001) and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM)% (0.845, p<0.001), showed a strong, highly significant correlation between key signs and symptoms and the 3C classification. Corneal complications were strongly correlated with the 3C classification with scores of 0.802 (p<0.001), 0.634 (p<0.001), 0.726 (p<0.001) and 0.677 (p<0.001) for band keratopathy, keratitis, neovascularisation and corneal ulceration, respectively. 75% of those classified as most severe had all four complications. The use of artificial tears and ciclosporin strongly correlated with the categorisation, 0.574 (p<0.001) and 0.631 (p<0.001), respectively. With all cystinosis markers, the 3C classification showed a stronger correlation than age and crystal scores by Gahl's and OCT. Category and age were strongly correlated (0.656, p<0.001). There was a moderate negative correlation with therapeutic compliance with cysteamine eye-drops and categorisation (-0.422, p<0.001). The compliance pattern observed may help to explain why the disease progresses in some patients.
conclusion3C classification is a reliable tool to categorise ocular cystinosis and can support clinical management decisions allowing more reliable comparison of datasets.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.