ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Tonsil explants as a human
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- From animal models to NAMs: a paradigm shift in developmental immunotoxicity testing.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Enhanced Human Antigen-Specific B Cell Responses Using In Vitro 3D Tonsil Cultures Containing Stromal Cells.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Modeling immunotherapies in live 3D human cancer tissue bioreactors.Theranostics · 2026Article
- CD4+ T-cell immunity toDiscover immunity · 2026Review
- Immune and Immune-Integrated Organoids as NextGeneration Platforms for Disease Modeling.MedComm · 2025Review
- Review
- Artificial intelligence-, organoid-, and organ-on-chip-powered models to improve pre-clinical animal testing of vaccines and immunotherapeutics: potential, progress, and challenges.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccination is one of the most effective infection prevention strategies. Viruses with high mutation rates -such as influenza- escape vaccine-induced immunity and represent significant challenges to vaccine design. Influenza vaccine strain selection is based on circulating strains and immunogenicity testing in animal models with limited predictive outcomes for vaccine effectiveness in humans. Methods: We developed a human Results: Tonsils cultured in bioreactors showed higher viability, metabolic activity, and more robust immune responses than those in static cultures. The Discussion: Perfusion-cultured tonsil tissue may be a valuable human
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.