ArticleThe Laryngoscope2025
Impact of Audio-Visual Complexity on Symptomatology of Laryngeal Dystonia: A Virtual Reality Study.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Brain-Computer Interface Improves Symptoms of Isolated Focal Laryngeal Dystonia: A Single-Blind Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- User Experiences With Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Applications in the Context of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences. A Scoping Review.International journal of language & communication disordersArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLaryngeal dystonia (LD) is an isolated focal dystonia characterized by involuntary spasms in laryngeal muscles selectively impairing speech production. Anecdotal observations reported the worsening of LD symptoms in stressful or vocally demanding situations.
objectivesTo examine the impact of surrounding audio-visual complexity on LD symptomatology for a better understanding of disorder phenomenology.
methodsWe developed well-controlled virtual reality (VR) environments of real-life interpersonal communications to investigate how different levels of audio-visual complexity may impact LD symptoms. The VR experiments were conducted over five consecutive days, during which each patient experienced 10 h of 4100 experimental trials in VR with gradually increasing audio-visual complexity. Daily reports were collected about patients' voice changes, as well as their comfort, engagement, concentration, and drowsiness from using VR technology.
resultsAfter a weekly VR exposure, 82% of patients reported changes in their voice symptoms related to changes in background audio-visual complexity. Significant differences in voice symptoms were found between the first two levels of the audio-visual challenge complexity independent of study sessions or VR environments.
conclusionThis study demonstrated that LD symptoms are impacted by audio-visual background across various virtual realistic settings. These findings should be taken into consideration when planning behavioral experiments or evaluating the outcomes of clinical trials in these patients. Moreover, these data show that VR presents a reliable and useful technology for providing real-life assessments of the impact of various experimental settings, such as during the testing of novel therapeutic interventions in these patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 Laryngoscope, 135:787-793, 2025.
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