ReviewNature reviews. Cancer2024
Defining precancer: a grand challenge for the cancer community.
Review in Nature reviews. Cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial Mapping of the Precancer-to-Cancer Transition in Breast and Prostate.Cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Plasma biomarkers predicting development of lung cancer 5 years before diagnosis.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- Folic acid-functionalized polymer dots encapsulating deep red fluorescent carbon nanodots for specific imaging of folate-receptor-positive cancer cells.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Molecular pathology of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: current understanding and perspectives on malignant progression.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- IRF2 is an essential transcription factor with pathogenic and prognostic impact in multiple myeloma.Blood · 2026Article
- International disruptions to cancer diagnosis and stage at presentation during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.The Lancet. Oncology · 2026Article
- Liquid Biopsy of HPV Cell-Free DNA Enables Blood-Based Early Detection and Molecular Stratification of HPV-Associated Cancer and Precancer Stages.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Multimodal spatial-omics reveal co-evolution of alveolar progenitors and proinflammatory niches in progression of lung precursor lesions.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- Opportunities to Avoid Invasive Cancer by Diagnosis and Interception of Preneoplastic Lesions and Cancer Risk Conditions.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Signaling pathways and targeted interventions for precancers.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Combined MYC Activation and PTEN Loss Drives Molecular Features of Aggressive Preinvasive Lesions in Mouse Prostate.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2026Article
- Targeting CDK9-dependent transcriptional addiction: a novel chemoprevention strategy for oral carcinogenesis via adenosine deaminase modulation.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Interferon Epsilon Loss Is Elusive 9p21 Link to Immune-Cold Tumors, Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Therapy, and Endogenous CXCL9/10 Induction.Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2025Review
- Promises and pitfalls of multi-cancer early detection using liquid biopsy tests.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- FOLR2Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Comparative analysis of the performance of the large language models ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4 and Open AI-o1 in the field of Programmed Cell Death in myeloma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Translating premalignant biology to accelerate non-small-cell lung cancer interception.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Multistate oral carcinogenesis-A prospective cohort study and a parallel case-control study in Taiwan.Oral oncology · 2025Article
- Crosstalk Between the Skin Environment and Microbial Community in Immune-Related Skin Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Colorectal carcinogenesis in the Lynch syndromes and familial adenomatous polyposis: trigger events and downstream consequences.Hereditary cancer in clinical practice · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The term 'precancer' typically refers to an early stage of neoplastic development that is distinguishable from normal tissue owing to molecular and phenotypic alterations, resulting in abnormal cells that are at least partially self-sustaining and function outside of normal cellular cues that constrain cell proliferation and survival. Although such cells are often histologically distinct from both the corresponding normal and invasive cancer cells of the same tissue origin, defining precancer remains a challenge for both the research and clinical communities. Once sufficient molecular and phenotypic changes have occurred in the precancer, the tissue is identified as a 'cancer' by a histopathologist. While even diagnosing cancer can at times be challenging, the determination of invasive cancer is generally less ambiguous and suggests a high likelihood of and potential for metastatic disease. The 'hallmarks of cancer' set out the fundamental organizing principles of malignant transformation but exactly how many of these hallmarks and in what configuration they define precancer has not been clearly and consistently determined. In this Expert Recommendation, we provide a starting point for a conceptual framework for defining precancer, which is based on molecular, pathological, clinical and epidemiological criteria, with the goal of advancing our understanding of the initial changes that occur and opportunities to intervene at the earliest possible time point.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.