Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39353999›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Co-occurrence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours in middle-aged adults: findings from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).

Leonie Klompstra, Marie Löf, Cecilia Björkelund, Mai-Lis Hellenius, Lena V Kallings, Marju Orho-Melander, Patrik Wennberg, Preben Bendtsen, Marcus Bendtsen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. The Association Between SerumInternational journal of endocrinology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Leonie KlompstraDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. leonie.klompstra@liu.se.
Marie LöfDepartment of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cecilia BjörkelundPrimary Health Care/Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Mai-Lis HelleniusDepartment of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lena V KallingsDepartment of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
Marju Orho-MelanderDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Patrik WennbergDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Preben BendtsenDepartment of Medical Specialist in Motala, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Marcus BendtsenDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Funding

Cancerfonden 20 0883Forskningsrådet om Hälsa, Arbetsliv och Välfärd 2018-01410
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Middle-aged adults engaging in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are at higher risk of chronic diseases. However, little is known about the co-occurrence of these behaviors and their determinants. This cohort study examined the co-occurrence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (alcohol consumption, diet, physical inactivity, and smoking) in 30,154 middle-aged adults and their associations with sociodemographic factors, social support, and disease history. Alcohol use was measured by the AUDIT, diet by the MiniMeal-Q, and physical inactivity and smoking by single questions. Participants had a mean age of 58 years, with 51% being female. Of them, 14% had no unhealthy behaviors, 38% had one, 36% had two, 10% had three, and 2% had all four. The most common co-occurrence was between physical inactivity and poor diet (38%). Higher education decreased the likelihood of having three or four unhealthy behaviors, while financial difficulties, having no one around who appreciated one's efforts, and suffering of a lung disease increased it. In conclusion, middle-aged adults exhibit varying levels of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. Higher education is linked to reduced engagement in multiple unhealthy behaviors, whereas financial strain, lower quality of social support, and lung disease increase the risk.

Indexed as

Life StyleAgedAlcohol DrinkingCohort StudiesDietFemaleHealth BehaviorHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSedentary BehaviorSmokingSocial SupportSweden

Identifiers

PMID39353999
PMCPMC11445527

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.