ArticleEBioMedicine2024
Influence of Th1 versus Th2 immune bias on viral, pathological, and immunological dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 variant-infected human ACE2 knock-in mice.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Elicitation of Protective Immune Responses Against Influenza Virus Following Intranasal Delivery of Fluzone or Flublok Vaccines.Vaccines · 2026Article
- An mRNA vaccine candidate encoding cholera toxin subunit B and conserved antigens of influenza viruses confers cross-protection against influenza a viruses in adult and aged mice.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Monoclonal antibodies against human TMPRSS2 prevent infection by any SARS-CoV-2 variant.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Design, optimization, and evaluation of lyophilized lipid nanoparticles for mRNA-based pulmonary mucosal vaccination.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- A humanised ACE2, TMPRSS2, and FCGRT mouse model reveals the protective efficacy of anti-receptor binding domain antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 hybrid immunity.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Enhanced and Prolonged Immunogenicity in Mice of Thermally Stabilized Fatty Acid-Conjugated Vaccine Antigen.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Co-immunization with spike and nucleocapsid based DNA vaccines for long-term protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Application of the humanized mouse model in research into SARS-CoV-2 infection (Review).Medicine internationalReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMouse models that recapitulate key features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are important tools for understanding complex interactions between host genetics, immune responses, and SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Little is known about how predominantly cellular (Th1 type) versus humoral (Th2 type) immune responses influence SARS-CoV-2 dynamics, including infectivity and disease course.
methodsWe generated knock-in (KI) mice expressing human ACE2 (hACE2) and/or human TMPRSS2 (hTMPRSS2) on Th1-biased (C57BL/6; B6) and Th2-biased (BALB/c) genetic backgrounds. Mice were infected intranasally with SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) or Omicron BA.1 (B.1.1.529) variants, followed by assessment of disease course, respiratory tract infection, lung histopathology, and humoral and cellular immune responses.
findingsIn both B6 and BALB/c mice, hACE2 expression was required for infection of the lungs with Delta, but not Omicron BA.1. Disease severity was greater in Omicron BA.1-infected hTMPRSS2-KI and double-KI BALB/c mice compared with B6 mice, and in Delta-infected double-KI B6 and BALB/c mice compared with hACE2-KI mice. hACE2-KI B6 mice developed more severe lung pathology and more robust SARS-CoV-2-specific splenic CD8 T cell responses compared with hACE2-KI BALB/c mice. There were no notable differences between the two genetic backgrounds in plasma cell, germinal center B cell, or antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2.
interpretationSARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron BA.1 infection, disease course, and CD8 T cell response are influenced by the host genetic background. These humanized mice hold promise as important tools for investigating the mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2-induced pathogenesis and immune response.
fundingThis work was funded by NIH U19 AI142790-02S1, the GHR Foundation, the Arvin Gottleib Foundation, and the Overton family (to SS and EOS); Prebys Foundation (to SS); NIH R44 AI157900 (to KJ); and by an American Association of Immunologists Career Reentry Fellowship (FASB).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.