ArticleOtolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery2025
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence, Etiology, Demographics, and Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma.
Article in Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Alcohol-Only and Drug/Medication-Only Product-Associated Facial Injury Encounters Across COVID-19 Periods: A Public CPSC NEISS Study, 2019-2023.Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2026Article
- From Lockdown to Knockdown: The Return of Violence and Sport in Post-COVID Nasal Fractures.Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2026Article
- Frequency and patterns of craniomaxillofacial surgery during and after COVID-19: analysis of the Japanese national database.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo compare the incidence, etiology, demographics, and treatment of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma before, during, and after COVID-19. STUDY
designRetrospective cohort.
settingEighty-three health care organizations across the United States.
methodsThe TriNetX Research Network identified 77,977,880 patients during 2017 to 2022. CMF fractures and soft tissue injuries during March to August of each year, aligning with the 2020 pandemic lockdown, were analyzed.
resultsIn 2020, compared to immediately prepandemic in 2019, there were significant reductions of -17.5% in facial fractures and -19.0% in soft tissue injuries (P < .001). Conversely, in 2021, both injury types increased by +16.7% and +16.3%, respectively, compared to 2020 (P < .001). Changes in injury mechanisms in 2020 included significant decreases in athletic injuries (-57.6%), falls (-16.8%), assaults (-15.5%), motor vehicle collisions (-8.7%), and pedestrian accidents (-6.9%) (P < .01), while off-road vehicle (+48.4%), bicycle (+16.2%), and motorcycle (+8.9%) accidents increased (P < .01). The 10- to 14- and 5- to 9-year-old age groups experienced the most substantial reductions in facial fractures (-39.7% and -29.9%, respectively) and soft tissue injuries (-29.2% and -28.3%, respectively) in 2020 compared to 2019 (P < .001). Operative management of fractures and soft tissue injuries dropped by -20.3% and -12.4%, respectively, in 2020 versus 2019, and then rebounded with +15.8% and +14.6% increases in 2021 compared to 2020 (P < .001). In 2022, compared to prepandemic rates of 2019, there were fewer patients with facial fractures (-2.8%), soft tissue injuries (-4.5%), and operative repairs (-6.9% for fractures, -1.2% for soft tissue injuries) (P < .03).
conclusionCMF trauma decreased in 2020, with subsequent years showing a rebound to levels slightly below those immediately prior to pandemic onset. Changes in etiology, demographics, and treatment highlight the complex dynamics of traumatic injuries during periods of societal disruption.
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