ArticleJournal of animal science and biotechnology2024
Establishment of goat mammary organoid cultures modeling the mammary gland development and lactation.
Article in Journal of animal science and biotechnology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Animal organoids as models for integrated One Health research.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Developing Mammary Gland Models for Biomedical Applications.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Luminal hormone-responsive cells tune the regenerative remodeling of mammary glands in large mammals.Cell discovery · 2025Article
- circRNA-02213 Regulates Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells via ACSS2.Genes · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAlthough several cell culture systems have been developed to investigate the function of the mammary gland in dairy livestock, they have potential limitations, such as the loss of alveolar structure or genetic and phenotypic differences from their native counterparts. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for lactation research. Development of protocols to establish lactating organoid of livestock represents a promising goal for the future. In this study, we developed a protocol to establish a culture system for mammary organoids in dairy goats to model the mammary gland development and lactation process.
resultsThe organoids cultured within an extracellular matrix gel maintained a bilayer structure that closely resembled the native architecture of mammary tissue. The expansion of mammary organoids was significantly promoted by growth factors containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 whereas the proliferative index of the organoids was significantly inhibited by the treatment with WNT inhibitors. Upon stimulation with a lactogenic medium containing prolactin, the mammary organoids exhibited efficient lactation, characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets in the lumen space. The lactation could be sustained for more than 3 weeks. Importantly, the expression patterns of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and milk proteins in lactating organoids closely mirrored those observed in mammary tissues. These observations were confirmed by data from proteomic analysis that the bulk of milk proteins was produced in the lactating organoids.
conclusionThis study is the first to establish a mammary organoid culture system modeling the mammary gland development and lactation process in ruminants. The efficient induction of lactation in ruminant mammary organoids holds promises for advancing the field of cell-based milk bio-manufacture in the food industry.
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