ArticleThe EMBO journal2024
Cancer cell-intrinsic biosynthesis of itaconate promotes tumor immunogenicity.
Article in The EMBO journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Itaconate and its derivatives in human health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition-derived itaconate promotes bone metastasis in lung cancer through targeting of HSPA8.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Obesity suppresses neutrophil-dependent itaconate signaling promoting ferroptosis in acute pancreatitis.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Two cycles of chemotherapy modulate itaconic acid levels via ATF3/TET2/NF-κB pathways in ovarian cancer among Han Chinese women.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Targeting metabolic-epigenetic-immune axis in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming in tumor-associated cells of hematologic malignancies: mechanisms, crosstalk networks, and therapeutic implications in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- IRG1-itaconate axis in immunometabolism: mechanistic roles and therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming immunity with itaconate: metabolic mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- TCA cycle-derived oncometabolites in cancer and the immune microenvironment.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Review
- Boosting mRNA cancer vaccine efficacy via targetingTheranostics · 2025Article
- 4-Octyl Itaconate Modulates Dendritic Cells Function and Tumor Immunity via NRF2 Activation.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Krebs cycle byproduct itaconate has recently emerged as an important metabolite regulating macrophage immune functions, but its role in tumor cells remains unknown. Here, we show that increased tumor-intrinsic cis-aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1 or CAD, encoded by immune-responsive gene 1, Irg1) expression and itaconate production promote tumor immunogenicity and anti-tumor immune responses. Furthermore, we identify thimerosal, a vaccine preservative, as a specific inducer of IRG1 expression in tumor cells but not in macrophages, thereby enhancing tumor immunogenicity. Mechanistically, thimerosal induces itaconate production through a ROS-RIPK3-IRF1 signaling axis in tumor cells. Further, increased IRG1/itaconate upregulates antigen presentation-related gene expression via promoting TFEB nuclear translocation. Intratumoral injection of thimerosal induced itaconate production, activated the tumor immune microenvironment, and inhibited tumor growth in a T cell-dependent manner. Importantly, IRG1 deficiency markedly impaired tumor response to thimerosal treatment. Furthermore, itaconate induction by thimerosal potentiates the anti-tumor efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy and anti-PD1 therapy in a mouse lymphoma model. Hence, our findings identify a new role for tumor intrinsic IRG1/itaconate in promoting tumor immunogenicity and provide a translational means to increase immunotherapy efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.