ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024
Insulin-inspired hippocampal neuron-targeting technology for protein drug delivery.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cyclodextrin-Based Strategies for Brain Drug Delivery: Mechanistic Insights into Blood-Brain Barrier Transport and Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Condensate protein aggregation in ALS/FTD is regulated by GGGGCC-repeat RNA scaffolds.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Targeted Nanodelivery of WGX50 and Curcumin via Gold Nanoparticles for Alzheimer's Therapy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier: Innovations in Receptor- and Transporter-Mediated Transcytosis Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Advances in brain-targeted delivery strategies and natural product-mediated enhancement of blood-brain barrier permeability.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Insulin-inspired peptides may open new pathways to treat Alzheimer's disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Hippocampal neurons can be the first to be impaired with neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Most drug candidates for causal therapy of AD cannot either enter the brain or accumulate around hippocampal neurons. Here, we genetically engineered insulin-fusion proteins, called hippocampal neuron-targeting (Ht) proteins, for targeting protein drugs to hippocampal neurons because insulin tends to accumulate in the neuronal cell layers of the hippocampus. In vitro examinations clarified that insulin and Ht proteins were internalized into the cultured hippocampal neurons through insulin receptor-mediated macropinocytosis. Cysteines were key determinants of the delivery of Ht proteins to hippocampal neurons, and insulin B chain mutant was most potent in delivering cargo proteins. In vivo accumulation of Ht proteins to hippocampal neuronal layers occurred after intracerebroventricular administration. Thus, hippocampal neuron-targeting technology can provide great help for developing protein drugs against neurodegenerative disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.