Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39347851›Full record

ArticleActa diabetologica2025

PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone and the risks of malignancy among type2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Lai-Chu See, Chao-Yi Wu, Chung-Ying Tsai, Cheng-Chia Lee, Jia-Jin Chen, Chang-Chyi Jenq, Chao-Yu Chen, Yung-Chang Chen, Chieh-Li Yen, Huang-Yu Yang

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Article in Acta diabetologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lai-Chu SeeDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Chao-Yi WuDivision of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Chung-Ying TsaiNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Cheng-Chia LeeNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Jia-Jin ChenNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Chang-Chyi JenqNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Chao-Yu ChenNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Yung-Chang ChenNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Chieh-Li YenNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan. b9102087@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7293-0149
Huang-Yu YangNephrology Department, Linkou Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University, No.5, Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan. hyyang01@gmail.com.

Funding

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou CMRPG5M0012Institute for Information Industry, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan MOST111-2314-B-182-016
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsPPAR-gamma shows promise in inhibiting malignancy cell progression. However, pioglitazone, the sole current PPAR-gamma agonist, was reported to have risks of bladder cancer in previous clinical researches. This study is aimed to assess the influence of pioglitazone on the development of tumors.

methodsBy using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, this nested case-control study identified incident type2 diabetes initiating metformin treatment between 2000 and 2014, and then categorized into two groups based on whether they developed malignancies after enrollment or not. The index date was defined as the date of malignancy diagnosis in the cancer group or a matched date in the non-cancer group. We analyzed the exposure to pioglitazone preceding the index date.

results47,931 patients in the cancer group and 47,931 patients in the matched non-cancer group were included. The non-cancer group exhibited a significantly higher rate of pioglitazone prescription before the index date for overall malignancies (odds ratios for pioglitazone use were 0.91, 0.92, 0.94, and 0.93 in the first, second, third, and fourth years before the index date). For breast cancer and prostate cancer, pioglitazone was frequently prescribed in the non-cancer group, whereas for pancreatic cancer, pioglitazone use was more common in the cancer group.

conclusionsPPAR-gamma agonists may be associated with reduced risks of overall malignancies, particularly for breast and prostate cancers. However, it may be linked to an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsNeoplasmsPioglitazonePPAR gammaAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPPAR-gamma AgonistsRisk FactorsTaiwanHypoglycemic AgentsPioglitazonePPAR gammaPPAR-gamma AgonistsBreast cancerMalignanciesPancreatic cancerPioglitazonePPAR-gammaType2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39347851

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.