ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2024
Causal role of immune cells in diabetic nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unveiling the immune microenvironment in diabetic nephropathy: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR-mediated diabetic nephropathy progression is a promising therapeutic target.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) stands as a pervasive chronic renal disease worldwide, emerging as the leading cause of renal failure in end-stage renal disease. Our objective is to pinpoint potential immune biomarkers and evaluate the causal effects of prospective therapeutic targets in the context of DN. Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal associations between 731 immune cell signatures and the risk of DN. Various analytical methods, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode, were employed for the analysis. The primary analytical approach utilized was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. To ensure the reliability of our findings, we conducted comprehensive sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness, heterogeneity, and presence of horizontal pleiotropy in the results. Statistical powers were also calculated. Ultimately, a reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to assess the potential for reverse causation. Results: After Benjamini & Hochberg (BH) correction, four immunophenotypes were identified to be significantly associated with DN risk: HLA DR on Dendritic Cell (OR=1.4460, 95% CI = 1.2904~1.6205, P=2.18×10 Conclusion: Our research illustrated the intimate association between immune cells and DN, which may contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying DN and aid in the identification of novel intervention target pathways.
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