ArticleEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2024
Impact of early risk factors on schizophrenia risk and age of diagnosis: A Danish population-based register study.
Article in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundWhile several risk factors for schizophrenia have been identified, their individual impacts are rather small. The relative independent and cumulative impacts of multiple risk factors on disease risk and age of onset warrant further investigation. STUDY
designWe conducted a register-based case-control study including all individuals receiving a schizophrenia spectrum disorder in Denmark from 1973 to 2018 (
resultsParental history of psychiatric illness (OR = 2.32 [95%CI 2.21-2.43]), high paternal age (OR = 1.30 [1.16-1.45]), and low birth weight (OR = 1.28 [1.16-1.41]) increased the odds of belonging to the patient group. In contrast, being a second-generation immigrant (OR = 0.65 [0.61-0.69]) and high population density of the birthplace (OR = 0.92 [0.89-0.96]) decreased the odds. The findings were supported by a decision tree analysis where parental history, paternal age, and birth weight contributed most to diagnostic classification (ACC
conclusionMultiple early factors contribute independently to a higher psychosis risk, suggesting cumulative effects leading to symptom onset. Routine assessments of the most influential risk factors could be incorporated into clinical practise. Being female increased the risk of diagnosis during childhood, suggesting sex differences in the developmental trajectories of the disorder.
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