Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39344038›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association2025

Gender differences in factors associated with rural health care practice in Minnesota.

Selam Woldegerima, Teri Fritsma, Carrie Henning-Smith, Mark Rosenberg, Andrew P J Olson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Gender differences in factors associated with rural health care practice in Minnesota.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Selam WoldegerimaMedical Education Outcomes Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2966-3846
Teri FritsmaMinnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Carrie Henning-SmithUniversity of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0273-0387
Mark RosenbergMedical Education Outcomes Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Andrew P J OlsonMedical Education Outcomes Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo understand gender differences in factors affecting rural health care workforce to inform the development of effective policies and recruitment strategies to address rural health care workforce shortages.

methodsA cross-sectional survey of health care professionals (including Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs), physicians, physician assistants (PAs), and registered nurses (RNs)) in Minnesota was administered by the Minnesota Department of Health from October 18, 2021, to July 25, 2022, during their professional license renewal. The main outcome was whether or not the respondent was practicing in a rural area. The effects of factors associated with rural practice were estimated using binary logistic regression models, and subsequently subgroup analysis was conducted by gender across the four health care professions.

findingsResults show that although there were significant gender differences in some factors (growing up in a rural area and family considerations were more likely to influence women's decisions than men's, whereas men were more likely to be influenced by the prospect of having autonomy and broad scope of practice than women), these differences became insignificant when the four health care professionals were analyzed separately suggesting that overall gender differences observed were almost entirely explained by profession differences.

conclusionsGender differences do not significantly influence the factors impacting rural practice. However, being raised in a rural environment emerges as the most influential predictor of rural practice underscoring the importance of involving rural residents of all genders in health care practice.

Indexed as

Health PersonnelRural Health ServicesAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMinnesotaSex FactorsSurveys and Questionnairesgenderhealth careruralworkforce

Identifiers

PMID39344038
PMCPMC11950422

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.