ArticleAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP2024
Economic Evaluation of Cervical Cancer Screening by HPV DNA, VIA, and Pap smear Methods in Indonesia.
Article in Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Population-based self-sampling under primary care conditions - a possible approach for cervical cancer screening in Indonesia (IndoCerCa study).Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Cost-Effectiveness of Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment in Western Romania.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCervical cancer occurs 80% in developing country including Indonesia and take place in the first rank of incidence rate and third rank in mortality rate in Asian Pacific. Natural history of cervical cancer gives a potential to get accurate screening method. Cervical cancer screening m in Indonesia use VIA and Pap smear method for women in age range 30 to 50 years old. Recently, HPV DNA test has been recommended in international and national policy as primary screening method for cervical cancer. This research aims to asses cost-effectiveness and economic implications of specific cervical cancer screening modalities.
methodsCost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from societal perspective. Cost data was collected from four hospitals in Indonesia. Direct medical costs were derived from discussions with an expert panel and hospital billing data, aligning with current practice guidelines. Direct and indirect non-medical costs were estimated from patient interviews. Effectiveness data for the screening methods were extracted from a systematic review of existing literature. Markov model design was used for cost-effectiveness analysis. Budget impact analysis used healthcare perspective method from its billing for cervical cancer patients.
resultsCervical cancer screening costs are calculated using direct medical, non-medical, and indirect expenses. Regarding to cost-effective analysis by incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER), pap smear for every 3 and 5 years is more cost-effective than VIA. HPV DNA also has the potential to be cost-effective. The budget impact analysis investigates scenarios, with a focus on negotiation-based cost reductions for HPV DNA testing. Controlling HPV DNA tariffs at USD 8.76 proves cost-effective.
conclusionIn conclusion, pap smear is the most cost-effective modality, while HPV DNA has the potential to be cost-effective by reducing the unit cost. Despite favorable outcomes, challenges in implementation suggest a phased approach for resource equalization before full deployment.
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