SynthesisBMC public health2024
Burden of metabolic syndrome in the global adult HIV-infected population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Temporal shifts in antiretroviral therapy regimens and metabolic outcomes in people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.HIV medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Determinants of metabolic syndrome in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- UltRaSoUnd-guided evaLuAtion of metabolic health in a cohort of midlife women with HIV: The URSULA study.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Risk factors associated with adverse metabolic health in youth with perinatally acquired HIV living in the United Kingdom.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Predictors of Liver Steatosis Progression Among People Living With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Multicentre Longitudinal Study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV: A Single-Center Comparative Analysis of Antiretroviral Regimens.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Weight gain and obesity management in people with HIV: pathophysiology, antiretroviral therapy effects, and clinical strategies.Topics in antiviral medicine · 2026Review
- Beyond HIV: investigating key drivers of metabolic syndrome in midlife women with HIV in the INSTI era.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Predicting MASLD in People With HIV Using Anthropometric Measures: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic Status of Adults Living with HIV in Panama-Baseline Results of the Colón C3 Study.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among adults living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Zambia: an ambidirectional cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Lipid Profile Differences in HIV-Infected Populations With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Ongoing lymphoid HIV production drives pyroptosis and GLP-1 counter-regulation in ART-suppressed infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Is Associated With Impaired Health-Related Quality of Life in People With HIV.Gastro hep advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Protective association of theFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The impact of the recent HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors-based regimens on metabolic health outcomes: A narrative review.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Associations Between Both HIV and Metabolic Comorbidity and Self-Reported Mpox Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome among ART Naïve people living with HIV in Accra, Ghana: a multicenter cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with HIV: A Preliminary Case Study from Romania.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) elevates the risk of heart disease and stroke. In recent decades, the escalating prevalence of MetS among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) has garnered global attention. Despite MetS development being associated with both traditional and HIV-related factors, evidence from prior studies has shown variability across geographical regions. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of MetS burdens in adult PLWHA at the regional and global levels, focusing on the common effect size of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) on MetS.
methodsThis review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search and review of original articles related to MetS and HIV published in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and December 2023 were conducted. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence/incidence of MetS and the common effect size of HIV infection and ART exposure on MetS.
resultsA total of 102 studies from five continents comprising 78,700 HIV-infected participants were included. The overall pooled prevalence of MetS was 25.3%, 25.6% for PLWHA on ART, and 18.5% for those not receiving treatment. The pooled incidence of MetS, calculated from five studies, was 9.19 per 100 person-years. The highest pooled prevalence of MetS was observed in the Americas (30.4%), followed by the Southeast Asia/Western Pacific regions (26.7%). HIV-infected individuals had 1.6 times greater odds of having MetS than non-HIV-infected individuals did (pooled OR = 1.604; 95% CI 1.154-2.230), and ART exposure had 1.5 times greater odds of having MetS than nontreatment had (pooled OR = 1.504; 95% CI 1.217-1.859).
conclusionsHIV infection and ART exposure contribute significantly to the increased burden of MetS. Regions with a high burden of HIV and MetS should prioritize awareness and integrated care plans for major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as heart disease and stroke. The implementation of integrated care for HIV/AIDS patients and NCDs is essential for addressing the high burden of multimorbidity in PLWHA. REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202290018.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.