Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2024
Effects of adjunctive esketamine on depression in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of esketamine on major depression, postpartum depression and perioperative depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Opioid-free analgesia with esketamine-dexmedetomidine versus opioid-based analgesia after gynaecological laparoscopic surgery: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2026Trial
- Opioid-Free Anesthesia with Esketamine Combined with Iliac Fascia Block in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Adult Post-operative Mental Health Outcomes Following Abdominal and Orthopedic Surgeries: A Scoping Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Neurotrophin System as a Complex Set of Potential Biomarkers in Psychiatric Disorders and Therapy-Overview of Recent Advances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Physicochemical stability of sufentanil and esketamine containing analgesic mixtures applied for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Perioperative Ketamine and Esketamine for Postoperative Mood Symptoms After Orthopaedic Surgery: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2026Review
- Current State of the Neurotrophin-Based Pharmaceutics in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuroinflammation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Clinical Benefits and Challenges of Esketamine in Elderly Patients During the Perioperative Period.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- Development of HPLC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Detection of Esketamine and Norketamine: Application to Pharmacokinetics Drug Interactions Affected by Dexmedetomidine.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Third-degree atrioventricular block induced by escitalopram and quetiapine in a patient with depression: a case report.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Esketamine for postoperative sleep disturbance: clinical evidence, mechanisms, and future directions.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Effect of esketamine on postoperative pain relief and depressive status in patients with traumatic fractures.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of Binaural Beat Music and Esketamine for ECT in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Opioid-free strategies for patient-controlled intravenous postoperative analgesia: a review of recent studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepression is a prevalent perioperative psychiatric complication among elderly hip fracture patients. Esketamine has rapid and robust antidepressant effects. However, it is unknown whether it can alleviate depressive symptoms in elderly patients who undergo hip fracture surgery. This study aimed to explore whether the adjunctive esketamine in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) could improve depressive symptoms in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.
methodsA single-center, prospective, double-blind and randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out from July 2022 to August 2023 at the Wenzhou People's Hospital among 90 patients, aged ≥ 65 years with hip fracture undergoing elective surgery. Participants were randomly allocated to either the esketamine group (group S) or the control group (group C). In Group S, patients were administered 0.5 mg/kg of esketamine as a PCIA adjuvant for 48 h, while the control group received saline. The primary outcome was the assessment of depressive symptoms using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) on postoperative day 2. The secondary outcomes were assessments of depressive symptoms on postoperative day 7 and postoperative day 30, serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), postoperative pain intensity, the number of effective PCIA presses, sufentanil consumption, and adverse events.
resultsThe prevalence and GDS-15 scores of depression were significantly lower in group S on postoperative day 2 (28.6% vs. 53.5%; 3.5 ± 1.8 vs. 4.3 ± 1.7, P < 0.05). In group S, the number of effective PCIA presses was significantly lower on postoperative day 2 than that in group C [2(1-4) vs. 1(0-2), P<0.05]. Higher levels of BDNF (23.8 ± 1.7 ng/mL vs. 25.3 ± 2.0 ng/mL, P < 0.05) and 5-HT (219.5 ± 19.5 ng/mL vs. 217.0 ± 22.2 ng/mL, P < 0.05) in the blood were observed on postoperative day 2 in group S.
conclusionIn elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years undergoing hip fracture surgery, the administration of adjunctive esketamine in PCIA could improve depressive symptoms and increase levels of BDNF and 5-HT in the blood.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200061956 (Date: 13/07/2022).
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