ArticleScientific reports2024
A multi-epitope protein vaccine encapsulated in alginate nanoparticles as a candidate vaccine against Shigella sonnei.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Advancements in nanoparticle-based vaccine development against Japanese encephalitis virus: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of improved water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition on early childhood IgG immune repertoire development againstmSphere · 2026Trial
- Computational systems immunology and multi-scale modeling for the design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine (MEV) against emerging multidrug-resistant Klebsiella michiganensis.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Innovative multi-epitope vaccine engineering for dual protection against Salmonella and Shigella leveraging FliC flagellin protein adjuvant properties: an immunoinformatics-based approach.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Design and Evaluation of a Multicomponent Herbal Nanogel for Mosquito Repellency: An Integrated In Silico Experimental Approach AgainstJournal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics-based design of a next generation multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Shigella boydii using a hierarchical subtractive proteomics approach.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Modified alginates for precision drug delivery: Advances in controlled-release and targeting systems.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Effects of improved water, sanitation, handwashing and nutrition on early childhood IgG immune repertoire development againstmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shigellosis, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Shigella, is a major global health challenge. Despite extensive research over the past two decades, no commercial vaccine is available to prevent Shigella infection. Developing multi-epitope vaccines offers a promising and innovative approach to tackling infectious diseases. In this study, we produced a multi-epitope vaccine candidate using E. coli BL21 (DE3) plysS bacteria and purified the vaccine protein with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. We then prepared alginate nanoparticles containing the vaccine protein, with a particle size of 122 ± 6 nm, PDI 0.17, SPAN 0.83, and zeta potential of -27 ± 2 mV. Successful protein loading was confirmed through nanodrop and ATR-FTIR analyses. To evaluate the immunogenicity of the encapsulated vaccine, mice were orally vaccinated, and their serum was analyzed for IgG, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels cytokines. The results showed a significant increase in IgG level in the vaccinated group compared to controls. Additionally, the vaccinated group exhibited a notable increase in IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines, indicating a robust Th-cell-mediated immune response essential for combating Shigella. Our nano-vaccine demonstrated high efficacy in activating both humoral and cellular immunity, effectively protecting against the bacteria. The alginate-based oral vaccine candidate thus emerges as a promising strategy for developing a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Shigella.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.