Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39341918›Full record

ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2024

Association of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy With Postoperative Major Morbidity After Oncologic Surgery.

Daniel R S Habib, Matthew Shou, Ramez H Philips, Allan Pickens, Alexander T Hawkins, Kamran Idrees, Aimal Khan

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Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Daniel R S Habib *Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
Matthew Shou *Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
Ramez H PhilipsDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Allan PickensDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Alexander T HawkinsColon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Kamran IdreesSurgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Aimal KhanColon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. aimalkhan42@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2851-8330

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite increasing use of immunotherapy in the treatment of various cancer types, understanding of its impact on postoperative complications still is limited. This study aimed to characterize the association between neoadjuvant immunotherapy and surgical outcomes for rectal, colon, anal, esophageal, lung (non-small cell), and oral cavity cancers.

methodsUsing the National Cancer Database (NCDB), the study selected patients ages 18-90 years who underwent non-palliative oncologic surgery between 2010 and 2020. The primary outcome was major morbidity, defined as hospital length of stay within the top decile of each surgery subtype, unplanned 30-day readmission, or 30-day mortality. Multivariable logistic regressions for major morbidity were performed to assess neoadjuvant immunotherapy effects by cancer type while controlling for patient demographics, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index, cancer staging, procedure type, surgical approach, and other treatment (e.g., chemotherapy or radiotherapy).

resultsOf 1,348,334 cases with any of the six cancer types, the study sample included 953,612 cases. Of these cases, 4771 (0.5 %) involved neoadjuvant immunotherapy, and 948,841 (99.5 %) did not. The pooled odds ratio was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81-1.19). Neoadjuvant immunotherapy was not significantly associated with major morbidity after surgery for rectal (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.83; 95% CI 0.60-1.16), colon (aOR, 1.27; 95% CI 0.87-1.85), anal (aOR, 1.90; 95 % CI 0.16-23.15), esophageal (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI 0.08-1.49), lung (non-small cell) (aOR, 1.06; 95% CI 0.65-1.73), or oral (aOR, 1.10; 95% CI 0.61-2.00) cancer.

conclusionsNeoadjuvant immunotherapy is not significantly associated with postoperative complications across several cancer types. As the largest study on neoadjuvant immunotherapy postoperative complications, this study suggests that surgery in the setting of neoadjuvant immunotherapy is safe.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyNeoadjuvant TherapyPostoperative ComplicationsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedMorbidityNeoplasmsPrognosisAnal cancerColon cancerEsophageal cancerImmunotherapyNeoadjuvantNon-small cell lung cancerOral cancerPostoperative complications

Identifiers

PMID39341918

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.