Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39341729›Full record

ReviewTrends in neurosciences2024

Transformers and cortical waves: encoders for pulling in context across time.

Lyle Muller, Patricia S Churchland, Terrence J Sejnowski

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in neurosciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Neural rhythms as priors of speech computations.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Computational origins of shape perception.PLoS computational biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lyle MullerDepartment of Mathematics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Fields Laboratory for Network Science, Fields Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: lmuller2@uwo.ca.
Patricia S ChurchlandDepartment of Philosophy, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: pschurchland@ucsd.edu.
Terrence J SejnowskiComputational Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: terry@salk.edu.

Funding

Traveling Waves in Neocortical Circuits: Mechanisms, Computational Roles in Sensory Processing, and Impact on Sensory PerceptionU01NS131914 · NINDS · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI COLEMAN, TODD P, KUZUM, DUYGU · 2023 to 2025
$6.0M
Spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity and their role in perceptionR01EY028723 · NEI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI Lyle Edward Muller, JOHN H REYNOLDS · 2018 to 2026
$3.7M
Multiscale theory of synapse function with model reduction by machine learningRF1DA055668 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI MJOLSNESS, ERIC D · 2021 to 2021
$1.1M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY028723NIDA NIH HHS RF1 DA055668NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS131914
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The capabilities of transformer networks such as ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) have captured the world's attention. The crucial computational mechanism underlying their performance relies on transforming a complete input sequence - for example, all the words in a sentence - into a long 'encoding vector' that allows transformers to learn long-range temporal dependencies in naturalistic sequences. Specifically, 'self-attention' applied to this encoding vector enhances temporal context in transformers by computing associations between pairs of words in the input sequence. We suggest that waves of neural activity traveling across single cortical areas, or multiple regions on the whole-brain scale, could implement a similar encoding principle. By encapsulating recent input history into a single spatial pattern at each moment in time, cortical waves may enable a temporal context to be extracted from sequences of sensory inputs, the same computational principle as that used in transformers.

Indexed as

LanguageAnimalsBrain WavesCerebral CortexHumansModels, NeurologicalNeural Networks, Computerartificial intelligencebraincomputational neurosciencelarge language modelssensory processingvisual processing

Identifiers

PMID39341729
PMCPMC11936488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.