Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39339943›Full record

ArticleViruses2024

The Synergistic Effect of Baloxavir and Neuraminidase Inhibitors against Influenza Viruses In Vitro.

Xiaojia Guo, Lei Zhao, Wei Li, Ruiyuan Cao, Wu Zhong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Update on Influenza.The American journal of the medical sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaojia GuoNational Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
Lei ZhaoBeijing Sunho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, China.
Wei LiNational Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
Ruiyuan CaoNational Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
Wu ZhongNational Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0536-620X

Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 81773631
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Influenza viruses remain a major threat to human health. Four classes of drugs have been approved for the prevention and treatment of influenza infections. Oseltamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, is a first-line anti-influenza drug, and baloxavir is part of the newest generation of anti-influenza drugs that targets the viral polymerase. The emergence of drug resistance has reduced the efficacy of established antiviral drugs. Combination therapy is one of the options for controlling drug resistance and enhancing therapeutical efficacies. Here, we evaluate the antiviral effects of baloxavir combined with neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) against wild-type influenza viruses, as well as influenza viruses with drug-resistance mutations. The combination of baloxavir with NAIs led to significant synergistic effects; however, the combination of baloxavir with laninamivir failed to result in a synergistic effect on influenza B viruses. Considering the rapid emergence of drug resistance to baloxavir, we believe that these results will be beneficial for combined drug use against influenza.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsDibenzothiepinsDrug Resistance, ViralDrug SynergismEnzyme InhibitorsMorpholinesNeuraminidasePyridonesTriazinesAnimalsBenzimidazolesDogsGuanidinesHumansInfluenza A virusInfluenza B virusAntiviral AgentsbaloxavirBenzimidazolesDibenzothiepinsEnzyme InhibitorsGuanidineslaninamivirMorpholinesNeuraminidasePyransPyridinesPyridonesSialic AcidsThiazolesThiepinsTriazinesTriazolesbaloxavirdrug combinationdrug-resistant strainsinfluenza virusneuraminidase inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID39339943
PMCPMC11437495

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.