Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39339647›Full record

ArticleNutrients2024

The Effect of a Caffeine and Nicotine Combination on Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome in Mice.

Zhe Chen, Naiyan Lu, Xu Li, Qingrun Liu, Yujie Li, Xiyue Li, Ximiao Yu, Haotian Zhao, Chang Liu, Xue Tang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Zhe ChenDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.
Naiyan LuSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9778-2819
Xu LiSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Qingrun LiuSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Yujie LiSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Xiyue LiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214126, China.
Ximiao YuDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214126, China.
Haotian ZhaoSports and Health Research Institute, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Chang LiuSchool of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7867-6807
Xue TangSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Xun WangDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214126, China.
Weisun HuangDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 31871865Top Talent Support Program for young and middle-aged people of Wuxi Health Committee BJ2023030
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nicotine dependence is an important cause of excessive exposure to tobacco combustion compounds in most smokers. Nicotine replacement therapy is the main method to treat nicotine dependence, but it still has its shortcomings, such as the inability to mitigate withdrawal effects and limited applicability. It has been hypothesized that a combination of low-dose nicotine and caffeine could achieve the same psychological stimulation effect as a high dose of nicotine without causing nicotine withdrawal effects. To establish a model of nicotine dependence, male C57BL/6J mice were subcutaneously injected four times a day with nicotine (2 mg/kg) for 15 days and fed with water containing nicotine at the same time. They were randomly divided into four groups. After 24 h of withdrawal, different groups were injected with saline, nicotine (0.25 mg/kg or 0.1 mg/kg), or nicotine (0.1 mg/kg) and caffeine (20 mg/kg). Behavioral and physiological changes were evaluated by an assessment of physical signs, open field tests, elevated plus maze experiments, forced swimming tests, hot plate tests, and new-object-recognition tests. The changes in dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the midbrain were analyzed using ELISA. The results showed that a combination of caffeine and nicotine could effectively relieve nicotine withdrawal syndrome, increase movement ability and pain thresholds, reduce anxiety and depression, enhance memory and cognitive ability, and increase the level of dopamine release in the PFC and VTA. Thus, caffeine combined with nicotine has potential as a stable and effective treatment option to help humans with smoking cessation.

Indexed as

CaffeineMice, Inbred C57BLNicotineSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeTobacco Use DisorderAnimalsAnxietyBehavior, AnimalDisease Models, AnimalDopamineMaleMicePrefrontal CortexVentral Tegmental AreaCaffeineDopamineNicotinebehaviorcaffeinedopaminenicotinewithdrawal effect

Identifiers

PMID39339647
PMCPMC11435009

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.