Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39339190›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2024

Application of Hydrophilic Polymers to the Preparation of Prolonged-Release Minitablets with Bromhexine Hydrochloride and Bisoprolol Fumarate.

Agata Grzejdziak, Witold Brniak, Olaf Lengier, Justyna Anna Żarek, Dziyana Hliabovich, Aleksander Mendyk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Agata GrzejdziakStudents Scientific Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Witold BrniakDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-9141-4190
Olaf LengierStudents Scientific Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0009-0000-6882-8232
Justyna Anna ŻarekStudents Scientific Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Dziyana HliabovichStudents Scientific Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
Aleksander MendykDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4394-9115

Funding

Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College N42/DBS/000364
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Minitablets have been extensively studied in recent years as a convenient pediatric form because they allow successful administration even in very young children. Their advantages include easy dose adjustment by multiplication of single units as well as the possibility of drug release modification by coating or forming matrix systems. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the possibility of the formulation of prolonged-release minitablets with bromhexine hydrochloride (BHX) and bisoprolol fumarate (BFM) dedicated to pediatric patients. Minitablets with 3 mm diameter and 15 mg mass, containing 1 mg of active substance in 1 unit, were prepared by direct compression with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) of different grades, methylcellulose, sodium alginate, or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a sustained-release polymer. Different amounts of polymers and different compression forces were evaluated. Analysis of minitablets included their uniformity, hardness, and dissolution tests. The kinetics of drug substance release were analyzed with dedicated software. The prepared minitablets met the pharmacopeial requirements with respect to the uniformity of mass and content. The compressibility of BFM was significantly better than that of BHX, yet all minitablets had good mechanical properties. Dissolution studies showed a strong relationship between the type of polymer and its amount in the mass of a tablet and the dissolution rate. Prolonged release of up to 8 h was achieved when HPMC of 4000 cP viscosity was used in the amount of 30% to 80%. Sodium alginate in the amount of 50% was also effective in prolonging dissolution, but PVA was much less effective. Studies on the release kinetics showed that dissolution from prolonged-release minitablets with BHX fit the best to Hopfenberg or Hixson-Crowell models, while in the case of BFM, the best fit was found for Hopfenberg or Korsmeyer-Peppas models.

Indexed as

bisoprolol fumaratebromhexine hydrochloridedirect compressiondissolution kineticsminitabletspolymersprolonged release

Identifiers

PMID39339190
PMCPMC11434728

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.