Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39338625›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Realistic 3D Simulators for Automotive: A Review of Main Applications and Features.

Ivo Silva, Hélder Silva, Fabricio Botelho, Cristiano Pendão

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ivo SilvaCMEMS-Center for Microelectromechanical Systems, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-5423-0624
Hélder SilvaALGORITMI Research Center, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-6570-6501
Fabricio BotelhoBosch Car Multimedia Portugal, S.A., 4701-970 Braga, Portugal.
Cristiano PendãoALGORITMI Research Center, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-4563-7414

Funding

Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme (COMPETE 2020) [Project nº 179491] SIFN-01-9999-FN-179491
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent advancements in vehicle technology have stimulated innovation across the automotive sector, from Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) to autonomous driving and motorsport applications. Modern vehicles, equipped with sensors for perception, localization, navigation, and actuators for autonomous driving, generate vast amounts of data used for training and evaluating autonomous systems. Real-world testing is essential for validation but is complex, expensive, and time-intensive, requiring multiple vehicles and reference systems. To address these challenges, computer graphics-based simulators offer a compelling solution by providing high-fidelity 3D environments to simulate vehicles and road users. These simulators are crucial for developing, validating, and testing ADAS, autonomous driving systems, and cooperative driving systems, and enhancing vehicle performance and driver training in motorsport. This paper reviews computer graphics-based simulators tailored for automotive applications. It begins with an overview of their applications and analyzes their key features. Additionally, this paper compares five open-source (CARLA, AirSim, LGSVL, AWSIM, and DeepDrive) and ten commercial simulators. Our findings indicate that open-source simulators are best for the research community, offering realistic 3D environments, multiple sensor support, APIs, co-simulation, and community support. Conversely, commercial simulators, while less extensible, provide a broader set of features and solutions.

Indexed as

artificial intelligenceautomotiveautonomous drivingAWSIMCARLAcomputer graphicscooperative drivingopen-sourcesensor fusionsimulator

Identifiers

PMID39338625
PMCPMC11435838

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.