ReviewMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2024
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease: Considerations for Clinical Management.
Review in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07185854 (Acupuncture Combined With Artificial Tears Compared With Artificial Tears Alone in Moderate Dry Eye), which is not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Acupuncture Combined With Artificial Tears Compared With Artificial Tears Alone in Moderate Dry Eye: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of dry eye disease in African populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between dry mouth and dry eyes: a systematic literature review of clinical evidence.Rheumatology international · 2025Pooled it
- Synergistic nanosenolytic therapy reverses age-related dry eye disease by targeting cellular senescence and oxidative stress.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Effect of Reproxalap Treatment on Dry Eye Disease Symptoms: Analysis of Pooled Data From Two Randomized, Vehicle-Controlled, 12-Week Clinical Trials.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Immune inflammatory targets and anti-inflammatory therapy in dry eye disease.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- The Impact of a Smartphone Reminder Application on Artificial Tear Adherence in Dry Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Global Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease in Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The burden of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in Nigeria: a scoping review of prevalence and risk factors.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Ophthalmic dispensing patterns in New Zealand: a ten-year review.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Association between dynamic pupil parameters and corneal sub-basal nerve plexus morphology.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Enhanced ocular delivery of tacrolimus via cationic nanoliposomes: Mitigating inflammation and rebalancing Th17/Treg responses in dry eye disease.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Assessment and management of dry eye disease in the UK: standardising reality-based best practice.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Oxidative Stress in Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating the Safety of Reproxalap in Patients With Dry Eye Disease.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- SIRT1 Prevents Ferroptosis in Corneal Epithelial Cells by Enhancing HIF1α Protein Stability in Dry Eye Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advances in Pharmacotherapy and Physiotherapy for Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Directions-A Narrative Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A comprehensive review of tear fluid proteome alterations in dry eye disease: Insights into pathophysiology and biomarker potential.The ocular surface · 2026Review
- Dry Eye Disease: From Mechanisms to Management and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Current and Developing Therapeutics for Dry Eye Disease: Targeting Ion Channels.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dry eye disease is a multifactorial condition characterised by tear film instability, hyperosmolarity and ocular surface inflammation. Understanding the epidemiology of dry eye disease and recognising both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors can assist eye care practitioners in assessing, treating, and managing patients with the condition. This review considers current knowledge surrounding its incidence and prevalence, as well as associated demographic, systemic, ocular, and iatrogenic, and lifestyle-related modifiable risk factors. Population-based prevalence estimates vary according to the diagnostic criteria used to define dry eye disease, as well as severity and demographic characteristics of the population. Considering recent data and variable population demographics, conservative prevalence estimates suggest that 10-20% of the population over 40 years of age report moderate to severe symptoms and/or seek treatment for dry eye disease. Individuals with specific non-modifiable demographic risk factors may be at increased risk of developing dry eye disease. Advanced age, female sex and East Asian ethnicity have been identified as key non-modifiable demographic features predisposing individuals to dry eye disease. Systemic conditions that have been associated with an increased risk of dry eye disease include migraine, Sjögren syndrome, connective tissue disorders, mental health disorders, diabetes mellitus and androgen deficiency. Medications that may contribute to this risk include antidepressants, antihistamines, and hormone replacement therapy. Ocular and iatrogenic risk factors of dry eye disease include blepharitis,
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.