ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Origami of KR-12 Designed Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Potential Applications.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Whole-Genome Sequencing of Multidrug-ResistantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Host Defense Antimicrobial Peptides (HDPs) as Regulators of Hemostasis and Vascular Biology.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides as Cross-Seeding Modulators at the Neurodegenerative-Infectious Interface.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Photosensitive small intestinal submucosal hydrogels loaded with the KR-12-a5 peptide promote periodontal osteogenesis and antimicrobial activity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides of the Cathelicidin Family: Focus on LL-37 and Its Modifications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Characteristics and Potential of KSL, KSL-W, and Dadapin-1 Antimicrobial Peptides for Preventing Infections of Orthopedic Prosthetic Devices: Identifying the Most Robust Candidate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Interactions of Laurylated and Myristoylated KR12 Fragment of the LL37 Peptide with Polyoxidovanadates.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Segment-Based Peptide Design Reveals the Importance of N-Terminal High Cationicity for Antimicrobial Activity Against Gram-Negative Pathogens.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Peptide platform for 3D-printed Ti implants with synergistic antibacterial and osteogenic functions to enhance osseointegration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Photocatalytic Degradation of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides by Peptide-Coated TiOACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This review describes the discovery, structure, activity, engineered constructs, and applications of KR-12, the smallest antibacterial peptide of human cathelicidin LL-37, the production of which can be induced under sunlight or by vitamin D. It is a moonlighting peptide that shows both antimicrobial and immune-regulatory effects. Compared to LL-37, KR-12 is extremely appealing due to its small size, lack of toxicity, and narrow-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Consequently, various KR-12 peptides have been engineered to tune peptide activity and stability via amino acid substitution, end capping, hybridization, conjugation, sidechain stapling, and backbone macrocyclization. We also mention recently discovered peptides KR-8 and RIK-10 that are shorter than KR-12. Nano-formulation provides an avenue to targeted delivery, controlled release, and increased bioavailability. In addition, KR-12 has been covalently immobilized on biomaterials/medical implants to prevent biofilm formation. These constructs with enhanced potency and stability are demonstrated to eradicate drug-resistant pathogens, disrupt preformed biofilms, neutralize endotoxins, and regulate host immune responses. Also highlighted are the safety and efficacy of these peptides in various topical and systemic animal models. Finaly, we summarize the achievements and discuss future developments of KR-12 peptides as cosmetic preservatives, novel antibiotics, anti-inflammatory peptides, and microbiota-restoring agents.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.