ArticleMalaria journal2024
Molecular survey of pfmdr-1, pfcrt, and pfk13 gene mutations among patients returning from Plasmodium falciparum endemic areas to Turkey.
Article in Malaria journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Incidence of kelch13 and Pfmdr1 gene mutations associated with antimalarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Targeted Sequencing Identifies SNPs Associated with Antimalarial Drug Resistance and the CSP Vaccine Antigen inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Multiplex long-amplicon sequencing for comprehensive molecular surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin and partner drugs in artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs).Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Tracking Drug Resistance inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn recent years, there has been an increasing trend in the number of imported Plasmodium falciparum cases in Turkey. To improve treatment success and to better understand malaria epidemiology among imported cases, it is necessary to determine anti-malarial drug resistance. This study aimed to survey polymorphisms of resistance genes in imported P. falciparum patients using archived thin smear preparations and EDTA blood samples.
methodsA total of 100 imported P. falciparum patients admitted to Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital between 2017 and 2022 were included in this study. DNA extraction was performed using an archived slide and EDTA blood samples that were microscopically diagnosed. After confirming the samples by real-time PCR, the pfmdr1, pfcrt, and pfk13 genes were amplified and sequenced. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were screened using Geneious R9 software, with the reference P. falciparum clone 3D7 isolate.
resultsAll studied samples were confirmed to be P. falciparum using real-time PCR. Nested PCR was conducted and the pfcrt (92 samples), pfmdr1 (91 samples), and pfk13 (93 samples) genes were successfully amplified. Sequence analysis revealed the highest mutation rate in the pfmdr1 (74.5%) gene, with the identification of five haplotypes: NYSND (wild-type, 23%), NFSND (56%), NYSDD (2.2%), NFSDD (15.4%), and YFSND (3.4%)]. The pfcrt mutation was identified in 11 samples (12.2%), whereas the pfk13 mutation was found in only two samples.
conclusionThis study is the first molecular survey of anti-malarial drug resistance genes in Turkey. With the increasing number of imported Plasmodium malaria cases and recent reports of sporadic indigenous P. falciparum cases, malaria is becoming a growing concern in Turkey. Although molecular screening for resistance markers in P. falciparum malaria is not routinely conducted, the data from this study will enhance treatment success rates and contribute to global malaria elimination.
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