ArticleNature communications2024
The lipooligosaccharide of the gut symbiont Akkermansia muciniphila exhibits a remarkable structure and TLR signaling capacity.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Next-generation probiotics: an outlook into current applications and future developments.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Decoding Akkermansia muciniphila Effector Biology: From Microbial Molecules to Host Outcomes.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- A phase-variable capsule facilitatesmBio · 2026Article
- The microbiome regulates host metabolic health and diseases through microbial enzymes.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Angptl4 integrates dietary and microbial signals to disrupt gut barrier function in MASH.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The role of the gut microbiota in radiation enteritis: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic applications.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Diversity of oligosaccharides in lipooligosaccharides of Akkermansia muciniphila and its anti-atherosclerotic activity.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles in Potentiating Cancer Vaccines: Progress and Prospects.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
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- The role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the management of liver disease: targeting gut microbiome.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Time-resolved growth of diverse human-associatedMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Pterostilbene-mediated microbiota shifts: Implications and opportunities.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Review
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14 authors.
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Abstract
The cell-envelope of Gram-negative bacteria contains endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that are recognized by the innate immune system via Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs). The intestinal mucosal symbiont Akkermansia muciniphila is known to confer beneficial effects on the host and has a Gram-negative architecture. Here we show that A. muciniphila LPS lacks the O-polysaccharide repeating unit, with the resulting lipooligosaccharide (LOS) having unprecedented structural and signaling properties. The LOS consists of a complex glycan chain bearing two distinct undeca- and hexadecasaccharide units each containing three 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residues. The lipid A moiety appears as a mixture of differently phosphorylated and acylated species and carries either linear or branched acyl moieties. Peritoneal injection of the LOS in mice increased higher gene expression of liver TLR2 than TLR4 (100-fold) and induced high IL-10 gene expression. A. muciniphila LOS was found to signal both through TLR4 and TLR2, whereas lipid A only induced TLR2 in a human cell line. We propose that the unique structure of the A. muciniphila LOS allows interaction with TLR2, thus generating an anti-inflammatory response as to compensate for the canonical inflammatory signaling associated with LOS and TLR4, rationalizing its beneficial host interaction.
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