Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39332067›Full record

ArticleTuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)2024

Exhaled breath analysis: A promising triage test for tuberculosis in young children.

Else M Bijker, Jonathan P Smith, Walter Mchembere, Kimberly D McCarthy, Henny Oord, Jan-Willem Gerritsen, Eleanor S Click, Kevin Cain, Rinn Song

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
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  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Else M BijkerOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, MosaKids Children's Hospital, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Jonathan P SmithDivision of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Walter MchembereCenter for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya.
Kimberly D McCarthyU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kisumu, Kenya.
Henny OordeNose B.V. (The eNose Company), Zutphen, the Netherlands.
Jan-Willem GerritseneNose B.V. (The eNose Company), Zutphen, the Netherlands.
Eleanor S ClickDivision of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Kevin CainDivision of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Rinn SongOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: rinn.song@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk.

Funding

Improving TB Diagnosis in Children with and without HIV in KenyaK23HD072802 · NICHD · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI SONG, RINN · 2012 to 2016
$672k
NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD072802
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult, especially in young infants who cannot expectorate sputum spontaneously. Breath testing has shown promise in diagnosing respiratory tract infections, but data on paediatric tuberculosis are limited. We performed a prospective cross-sectional study in Kenya in children younger than five years with symptoms of tuberculosis. We analysed exhaled breath with a hand-held battery-powered nose device. For data analysis, machine learning was applied using samples classified as positive (microbiologically confirmed) or negative (unlikely tuberculosis) to assess diagnostic accuracy. Breath analysis was performed in 118 children. The area under the curve of the optimal model was 0.73. At a sensitivity of 86 % (CI 62-96 %), this resulted in a specificity of 42 % (95 % CI 30-55 %). Exhaled breath analysis shows promise as a triage test for TB in young children, although the WHO target product characteristics were not met.

Indexed as

Breath TestsPredictive Value of TestsTriageTuberculosis, PulmonaryAge FactorsBiomarkersChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesElectronic NoseExhalationFemaleHumansInfantKenyaMachine LearningMaleBiomarkersBreathChildrenDiagnosise-noseTuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID39332067
PMCPMC11864270

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.