ArticlePloS one2024
Design of multivalent-epitope vaccine models directed toward the world's population against HIV-Gag polyprotein: Reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluating HIV drug resistance in the middle East and North Africa and its associated factors: a systematic review.Virology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Structure-based immunopharmacological design of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Naegleria fowleri targeting TLR3: a pan-genomic and molecular dynamics approach.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- Data-intensive immune network modelling for One Health.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- Computational Design of an mRNA Vaccine Targeting LRP6 for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Molecular assessment of the HIV pol gene and use of computational vaccine design targeting Pakistani isolates.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrated Immuno and bioinformatics assisted novel epitope vaccine against HIV infection: a study based on complete genome.Virology journal · 2025Article
- High resolution class I HLA-A, -B, and -C diversity in Eastern and Southern African populations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An integrated mutation-based immunoinformatic approach incorporating variability in epitopes: a study based on HIV subtype C.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Designing a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against HPV 16, 18, 33, and 45 Targeting L1 and E7 Proteins: An Immunoinformatics Approach for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Therapy.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in HIV-1 research; however, researchers have not yet achieved the objective of eradicating HIV-1 infection. Accordingly, in this study, eucaryotic and procaryotic in silico vaccines were developed for HIV-Gag polyproteins from 100 major HIV subtypes and CRFs using immunoinformatic techniques to simulate immune responses in mice and humans. The epitopes located in the conserved domains of the Gag polyprotein were evaluated for allergenicity, antigenicity, immunogenicity, toxicity, homology, topology, and IFN-γ induction. Adjuvants, linkers, CTLs, HTLs, and BCL epitopes were incorporated into the vaccine models. Strong binding affinities were detected between HLA/MHC alleles, TLR-2, TLR-3, TLR-4, TLR-7, and TLR-9, and vaccine models. Immunological simulation showed that innate and adaptive immune cells elicited active and consistent responses. The human vaccine model was matched with approximately 93.91% of the human population. The strong binding of the vaccine to MHC/HLA and TLR molecules was confirmed through molecular dynamic stimulation. Codon optimization ensured the successful translation of the designed constructs into human cells and E. coli hosts. We believe that the HIV-1 Gag vaccine formulated in our research can reduce the challenges faced in developing an HIV-1 vaccine. Nevertheless, experimental verification is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of these vaccines in these models.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.