ArticleNeuro-oncology2025
Long-term outcome of the Milano-hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy strategy for high-risk medulloblastoma, including the impact of molecular subtype.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Medulloblastoma: Current Standard of Care and Future Treatment Opportunities.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- Impact of radiation response on survival in pediatric medulloblastoma with residual or disseminated disease.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Determining risk features for medulloblastoma in the molecular era.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Enhancing medulloblastoma classification with nanopore sequencing of FFPE samples.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
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Abstract
backgroundWe applied the strategy for M+ medulloblastoma across all high-risk subgroups, including LC/A histology, TP53 mutations, and MYC/MYCN amplification.
methodsPatients over 3 years old received, after surgery, staging and histo-biological analysis, sequential high-dose-methotrexate(HD-MTX), high-dose-etoposide(HD-VP16), high-dose-cyclophosphamide(HD-Cyclo), and high-dose-carboplatin(HD-Carbo). Hyperfractionated-accelerated-radiotherapy-craniospinal(HART-CSI), administered twice daily 1.3 Gy-fractions reached a total dose tailored to the patients' age and pre-radiation response to chemotherapy(CT): 31.2 Gy if under 10-years-old and complete response(CR) or partial response(PR) obtained or absence of metastatic disease, 39 Gy in other/older patients. Boosts to posterior fossa/residual metastatic(M+) deposits were given up to a total dose of 60 Gy/9 Gy, respectively, but avoided if metastatic nodules were very big or patients were very young. Two courses of high-dose-thiotepa were delivered in case of not CR/PR after the pre-radiotherapy (RT) phase and in all M0 patients either-pre/post-HART. Subgrouping was performed where the tissue was available.
resultsEighty-nine patients were enrolled, with a median age of 8.8 years, and a median follow-up of 136 months. Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 5/15 years were 75.9/66.5% and 68.2/65.3%, respectively; 5/28 fatal events were not related to relapse(3 developed secondary malignancies). Sex, age less than 10 years, histological subtype, presence of MYC/MYCN amplification, reduction in CSI dose, omission of RT-boosts, implementation of myeloablative therapy, presence-absence of metastases did not impact prognosis.Patients progressing after pre-HART CT(14/89) and stable-disease(SD)+PD after HART(10/89) negatively affected outcome(P < .001).Subgrouping in 66/89 patients' samples demonstrated a significantly worse EFS for patients with Sonic Hedgehog(SHH)-tumors(#15, 2 with constitutional TP53-mutations) versus groups 3 and 4(15 and 29 patients, respectively, group3/4 in 7).Patients younger than 10 received lower CSI doses if stratified according to CT response.
conclusionsThis strategy, partly adopted in the ongoing SIOPE protocol, confirmed improved EFS and OS over previously reported outcomes in all high-risk categories; SHH tumors appeared the most aggressive.
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