ArticleMolecular cancer therapeutics2025
PET Imaging Using 89Zr-Labeled StarPEG Nanocarriers Reveals Heterogeneous Enhanced Permeability and Retention in Prostate Cancer.
Article in Molecular cancer therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- IFN-γ PET imaging stratifies and predicts response to CD137 agonism in a syngeneic colorectal tumor model.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Review
- Oxidative Stress-Guided Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effect of folic acid-targeted triptolide-loaded microbubbles combined with ultrasound on apoptosis of human MCF-7 breast cancer xenografts in nude mice.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts: enablers of tumor drug resistance.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Bioengineering Strategies to Address Key Bottlenecks in Ferroptosis-Based Cancer Therapy: A Critical Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Gold Nanoparticles in Bladder Cancer Applications: A Paradigm Shift from Diagnostic Tools to Integrated Theranostic Platforms.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Effective Treatment of Disseminated Prostate Cancer Using CD46-Targeted 225Ac Therapy.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- Advances in nanotechnology for targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts: A review of multi-strategy drug delivery and preclinical insights.APL bioengineering · 2025Review
- From spheroids to organoids: next-generation models for CAR-T cell therapy research in solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Next-generation nanocarriers for precision antitumor therapy: from passive targeting to intelligent response.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect controls passive nanodrug uptake in tumors and may provide a high tumor payload with prolonged retention for cancer treatment. However, EPR-mediated tumor uptake and distribution vary by cancer phenotype. Thus, we hypothesized that a companion PET imaging surrogate may benefit EPR-mediated therapeutic drug delivery. We developed two 89Zr-radiolabeled nanocarriers based on 4-armed starPEG40kDa with or without talazoparib (TLZ), a potent PARP inhibitor, as surrogates for the PEG-TLZ4 therapeutic scaffold. For PET imaging, PEG-DFB4 and PEG-DFB1-TLZ3 were radiolabeled with 89Zr by replacing one or all four copis of TLZ on PEG-TLZ4 with deferoxamine B (DFB). The radiolabeled nanodrugs [89Zr]PEG-DFB4 and [89Zr]PEG-DFB1-TLZ3 were tested in vivo in prostate cancer subcutaneous (s.c.) xenografts (22Rv1, LTL-545, and LTL-610) and 22Rv1 metastatic models. Their EPR-mediated tumoral uptake and penetration was compared with CT26, a known EPR-high cell line. MicroPET/CT images, organ biodistribution, and calculated kinetic parameters showed high uptake in CT26 and LTL-545 and moderate to low uptake in LTL-610 and 22Rv1. MicroPET/CT and high-resolution autoradiographic images showed nanocarrier penetration into highly permeable CT26, but heterogeneous peripheral accumulation was observed in LTL-545, LTL-610, and 22Rv1 s.c. xenografts and metastatic tumors. CD31 staining of tumor sections showed homogenous vascular development in CT26 tumors and heterogeneity in other xenografts. Both [89Zr]PEG-DFB4 and [89Zr]PEG-DFB1-TLZ3 showed similar accumulation and distribution in s.c. and metastatic tumor models. Both nanocarriers can measure tumor model passive uptake heterogeneity. Although heterogeneous, prostate cancer xenografts had low EPR. These starPEG nanocarriers could be used as PET imaging surrogates to predict drug delivery and efficacy.
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