ArticleFrontiers in neurology2024
Clinical features and immunotherapy outcomes in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis: a retrospective case-control study.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system: advances in clinical trials and immunotherapeutic strategies.Reumatologia · 2026Review
- Prognostic Outcomes in Seropositive and Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis.Iranian journal of child neurology · 2026Article
- Clinical spectrum and long-term outcomes of antibody-negative severe autoimmune encephalitis: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response in autoimmune encephalitis.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of blood purification in the treatment of autoimmune encephalitis: a meta-analysis.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare clinical features, laboratory findings, and immunotherapy responses between antibody-positive and antibody-negative Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 60 AE patients (33 antibody-positive, 27 antibody-negative) diagnosed at Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University between January 1, 2016, and March 1, 2024 was conducted. Disease severity and treatment response were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and the Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE). Results: Antibody-positive AE patients more frequently presented with multiple symptoms (≥4 symptoms: 39.4% vs. 14.8%, Conclusion: Antibody-positive AE patients manifested a more diverse symptom spectrum, elevated serum IgG concentrations and CSF leukocyte counts, and superior responses to immunotherapy. In contrast, antibody-negative AE patients demonstrated more severe blood-brain barrier dysfunction, as evidenced by higher CSF total protein concentrations and albumin quotients.
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