ArticleInjury epidemiology2024
Using syndromic surveillance for unintentional and undetermined intent drowning surveillance in a large metropolitan area.
Article in Injury epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Swimming pool-based assessment of drowning death risk in the Houston metropolitan region.Journal of safety research · 2026Article
- Temporal Alignment of Wastewater Signals with Clinical Indicators of Respiratory Illness Postpandemic, Texas, USA.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- AquaAI: development and internal validation of a Danish transformer-based model to identify drowning and aquatic incidents in prehospital medical records.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Trends in Unintentional Drowning Mortality Among U.S. Adults Aged ≥25 Years, 1999-2024: A U.S. Surveillance Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lessons learned in a data linkage project on fatal drowning.Injury epidemiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of syndromic surveillance and hospital discharge data for unintentional drowning in metropolitan Houston, Texas, USA.Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention · 2025Article
- The Danish Drowning Cohort: Utstein-style data from fatal and non-fatal drowning incidents in Denmark.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionA drowning definition is available for use with National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP) data. However, its accuracy in capturing drowning emergency department and urgent care visits at the regional level is unknown. We tested the ability of the syndromic surveillance (SS) definition in capturing unintentional and undetermined intent drowning (UUID) and describe UUID SS visit trends in a large metropolitan area.
methodsWe applied the drowning definition to NSSP data from 2016 to 2022 for the 8-county metropolitan Houston region. We queried the dataset for UUID ICD-10-CM codes and manually reviewed the chief complaint (CC) and discharge diagnosis (DD) for SS visits. True-positives were calculated by dividing the number of UUID cases identified by UUID ICD-10-CM codes and CC/DD review by the total visits captured by the SS definition. Demographics and trends of UUID visits were calculated from 2018 to 2022 due to limited data from 2016 to 2017 in NSSP.
results2,759 visits were captured by the SS definition. After case review, 2,019 (73.2%) had ICD-10-CM drowning codes of any intent; and 2,015 of those (99.8%) were classified as UUID. Of the remaining 740 cases with no ICD-10-CM codes that were pulled by the SS definition, 690 (93.2%) had a CC/DD diagnosis of drowning/submersion/underwater related to aquatic exposure. Taken together, 2,705 (98.0%) were true-positive UUID visits based on the SS drowning definition.. Children (aged < 18 years) constituted 79% of UUID visits. Black, White and Asian/Pacific Islander persons comprised 17%, 60% and 4% of UUID visits respectively. Rates of UUID visits were lowest in 2020.
conclusionSyndromic surveillance is a novel and accurate method to conduct real-time drowning surveillance in a large metropolitan region.
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