Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39326740›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging2025

Exploring the Utility of a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cannabis Cue-Reactivity Paradigm in Treatment-Seeking Adults With Cannabis Use Disorder.

Gregory L Sahlem, Logan T Dowdle, Nathaniel L Baker, Brian J Sherman, Kevin M Gray, Aimee L McRae-Clark, Brett Froeliger, Lindsay M Squeglia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gregory L SahlemDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Electronic address: gsahlem@stanford.edu.
Logan T DowdleDepartment of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Nathaniel L BakerDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Brian J ShermanDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Psychology, The Citadel, Charleston, South Carolina.
Kevin M GrayDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Aimee L McRae-ClarkDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina.
Brett FroeligerDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
Lindsay M SquegliaDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Funding

Clinical Scientists Training Program in Addictions at MUSCK12DA031794 · NIDA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI Kevin M. Gray, AIMEE L MCRAE-CLARK · 2013 to 2026
$7.2M
MID-CAREER AWARD IN PATIENT-ORIENTED DRUG ABUSE RESEARCHK24DA038240 · NIDA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI MCRAE-CLARK, AIMEE L · 2014 to 2023
$1.9M
Advancing Varenicline as a Treatment for Cannabis Use DisorderUG3DA043231 · NIDA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI GRAY, KEVIN M, MCRAE-CLARK, AIMEE L · 2016 to 2017
$1.7M
Neuroscience-informed Treatment Development for Adolescent Alcohol Use DisordersK23AA025399 · NIAAA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI SQUEGLIA, LINDSAY · 2016 to 2020
$1.0M
A Preliminary Investigation of Pre-Frontal repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for the Treatment of Cannabis Use DisorderK23DA043628 · NIDA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SAHLEM, GREGORY · 2017 to 2022
$933k
Approach Bias Modification for the Treatment of Cannabis Use DisorderK23DA045099 · NIDA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI SHERMAN, BRIAN · 2018 to 2022
$927k
Mentoring Clinical Investigators in Patient-Oriented Adolescent Alcohol ResearchK24AA031052 · NIAAA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI Lindsay Squeglia · 2024 to 2026
$644k
NIAAA NIH HHS K23 AA025399NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA031052NIDA NIH HHS K12 DA031794NIDA NIH HHS K23 DA043628NIDA NIH HHS K23 DA045099NIDA NIH HHS K24 DA038240NIDA NIH HHS UG3 DA043231
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFunctional magnetic resonance imaging studies examining cue reactivity in cannabis use disorder (CUD) either have had small sample sizes or have involved non-treatment-seeking participants. As a secondary analysis, we administered a functional magnetic resonance imaging cue-reactivity task to participants with CUD enrolled in 2 separate clinical trials (varenicline or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) to determine the task activation patterns for treatment-seeking participants with CUD. We aimed to determine the activation patterns for the total sample and behavioral correlates. We additionally compared studies to determine if patterns were consistent.

methodsTreatment-seeking participants with moderate or severe CUD had behavioral craving measured at baseline using the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire-Short Form and completed a visual cannabis cue-reactivity task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (measuring the blood oxygen level-dependent response) following 24 hours of cannabis abstinence.

resultsThe sample included 65 participants (n = 37: varenicline trial; n = 28: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation trial; 32% female; mean age = 30.4 ± 9.9 years). When comparing cannabis images versus matched neutral images, participants showed greater blood oxygen level-dependent response in bilateral ventromedial-prefrontal, dorsolateral-prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and visual cortices as well as the striatum. There was stronger task-based functional connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex and both the amygdala and the visual cortex. Craving negatively correlated with blood oxygen level-dependent response in the left ventral striatum (R

conclusionsIn 2 separate treatment-seeking groups with CUD, there was increased cannabis cue reactivity and task-based functional connectivity in regions related to executive function and reward processing. Cannabis craving was negatively associated with cue reactivity in the left ventral striatum.

Indexed as

BrainCuesMagnetic Resonance ImagingMarijuana AbuseAdultCravingFemaleHumansMaleTranscranial Magnetic StimulationYoung AdultCannabisCannabis use disorderCue reactivityfMRIFunctional connectivityMagnetic resonance imaging

Identifiers

PMID39326740
PMCPMC11930849

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.