ArticleInfection2025
Insights into the molecular network characteristics of major HIV-1 subtypes in developed Eastern China: a study based on comprehensive molecular surveillance data.
Article in Infection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic Subtypes, Pretreatment Drug Resistance, and Associated Factors Among Individuals Newly Diagnosed With HIV-1 in Zhejiang Province From 2022 to 2024: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2026Article
- Molecular transmission network and drug resistance analysis of 404 HIV-1 cases infected through commercial heterosexual contact (2020-2024).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Molecular transmission network analysis of HIV-1 among older adults in Central China: a cross-sectional study in Shaodong City.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Molecular transmission network reveals CRF08_BC-driven clusters of HIV-1 among low-education older adults linked to female sex workers in Taizhou, China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Divergent transmission dynamics and drug resistance evolution of HIV-1 CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC in Tianjin, China (2013-2022).Virology journal · 2025Article
- Phylogenetic analysis and transmission networks highlight the role of older adults in the transmission of HIV-1 in northern Zhejiang, China.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Molecular transmission network characteristics and high-risk transmission analysis of newly reported HIV-1 subjects in Nantong, China.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Interplay of population mobility, healthcare resources, and spatiotemporal clustering: epidemiology and prevention strategies for HIV among blood donors in Zhejiang, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Molecular transmission network analysis of newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Ningbo from 2018-2022.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
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17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to conduct a comprehensive molecular epidemiology study of major HIV-1 subtypes in developed Eastern China (Zhejiang Province).
methodsPlasma samples and epidemiological information were collected from 4180 newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive patients in Zhejiang Province in 2021. Pol sequences were obtained to determine the subtypes via multiple analytical tools. HIV-1 molecular networks were constructed on the basis of genetic distances to analyze transmission patterns among major subtypes. Furthermore, the birth-death skyline (BDSKY) model was utilized to estimate the transmission risks associated with large clusters (LCs).
resultsIn 4180 patients, 3699 (88.49%) pol sequences were successfully obtained and classified into four subtype groups. In the networks under an optimal genetic distance of 0.01 substitutions/site, the majority of links (74.52%, 1383/1856) involved individuals within the same city, highlighting the predominant role of local transmission in driving the HIV-1 epidemic. In the CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, and others/URFs networks, men who have sex with men (MSM) were the primary sexual transmission population, with the younger MSM group (< 30 years old) exhibiting higher linkage frequencies. Within the CRF08_BC network, 93.98% of individuals were infected primarily through heterosexual contact and had a significantly greater risk of localized clustering than other subtypes did. Moreover, fifteen identified LCs were predominantly transmitted through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC), exhibiting localized clustering and high potential for sustained diffusion.
conclusionsOverall, our findings reveal a diverse and heterogeneous distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Zhejiang Province, with noticeable variations in hotspots across different geographic areas and populations.
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